Antenna Decoupling by Common and Differential Modes Cancellation

Sun, Libin; Li, Yue; Zhang, Zhijun; Wang, Hanyang

doi:10.1109/tap.2020.3009427

Cited by 133 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…It can be concluded that the proposed decoupling method can significantly enhance the efficiency and gain. [18][19][20] The envelope cross-correlation (ECC) is used to verify the independence of radiation patterns of elements and it can be calculated from the complex far-field patterns. 21,22 A comparison between reference and proposed antennas for ECC is plotted in Figure 5c.…”

Section: Experimental Validation and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation enhancement for four‐element MIMO antenna by using novel meandering technique

Cheng

Wang

2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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The paper proposes a four‐element printed multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with high isolation achieved by employing a compact decoupling method. The optimal shaping (meandering) of the monopole strip is adopted to realize decoupling at the working frequency band ranging from 5.004 to 5.320 GHz. The ports isolation S 21 ${S}_{21}$ and S 41 ${S}_{41}$ are improved by using self‐meandering technology with transmission zero occurring at the frequencies of 5.004 and 5.320 GHz, respectively. Meanwhile, the isolation S 31 ${S}_{31}$ is also greatly increased. The decoupling technique can significantly improve the isolations between the four ports of the proposed antenna, without the extra‐added structure. A four‐element MIMO antenna with an edge‐to‐edge spacing of 0.069 λ 0 ${\lambda }_{0}$ ( λ 0 ${\lambda }_{0}$ is the wavelength at 5.162 GHz in free space) is fabricated and measured. In the experiment, the proposed MIMO antenna has a relative bandwidth (reflection coefficient of −10 dB) of 6.12% with a range from 5.004 to 5.32 GHz. In addition, this design can significantly obtain higher port isolation, antenna efficiency, gain, and a lower envelope correlation coefficient (ECC).

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Section: Experimental Validation and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation enhancement for four‐element MIMO antenna by using novel meandering technique

Cheng

Wang

2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…In order to evaluate the diversity characteristics of the proposed antenna, the performance index ECC (Envelope correlation coefficients) of the antenna is calculated according to the radiated far‐field, which is published as follows 17

E_{cc} goodbreak= ρ_{e} goodbreak= \frac{{(||, ∯ ([], E_{1} ((),, θ, φ) goodbreak\times E_{2} ((),, θ, φ)) d normalΩ)}^{2}}{∯ {|E_{1} (θ, φ)|}^{2} d normalΩ \times ∯ {|E_{2} (θ, φ)|}^{2} d normalΩ}

where E i ( θ , φ ) is the radiation pattern of the antenna when port i is excited. For the Simulated results shown in Figure 11, the ECC in the desired band is all <0.04, which exhibits a great diversity performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a two‐port network, which satisfies the conditions of symmetry and reciprocity, the CM and DM S ‐parameters can be expressed as follows 17

S_{cc 11} goodbreak= S_{11} goodbreak+ S_{21}

S_{dd 11} goodbreak= S_{11} goodbreak- S_{21}

…”

Section: Antenna Configuration and Design Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is worth noting that one decoupling method introduces a new concept of decoupling, although it incorporates an additional decoupling structure. A decoupling method based on common mode and differential mode for two identical antenna elements is proposed in Reference 17. The decoupling effect is achieved by adjusting the impedance of CM and DM separately to make them equal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A wideband self‐decoupled multi‐input multi‐output antenna with a high isolation

Lü

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2022

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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A wideband MIMO antenna, which consists of two adjacent antenna elements with a very close distance (2 mm or 0.026λ), is suggested to achieve a good isolation by the principle of common mode (CM, in‐phase signals) and differential mode (DM, out‐of‐phase signals) cancelation without using any additional decoupling structure in this article. Compared with its reference design, the measured results demonstrate that the isolation of proposed design can be improved to better than 20 dB in a wider bandwidth of 3.2–5.9 GHz (59%), with S11 and S22 < −10 dB. The experimental efficiency and envelope correlation coefficients are larger than 78% and <0.04 for the proposed design, respectively. The proposed multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna array, with good isolation and diversity performance, exhibits broad application prospects in the tightly arranged MIMO antennas of 5G mobile devices.

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“…The current distributions on the loop radiator of port1 and port2 are of odd mode and even mode, respectively, as depicted in Figure 4, so the isolation between port1 and port2 is pretty good due to the orthogonality of the two current modes. A better isolation can be explained by the difference between S 11 and S 22 which is described in Reference 25:

S_{21} = S_{12} = (S_{cc 11} - S_{dd 11}) / 2,

where S cc11 represents the reflection coefficient of the common mode, that is the even mode in this article, and S dd 11 represents the reflection coefficient of the differential mode, that is the odd mode in this article. So Equation () could be expressed as:

S_{21} = S_{12} = (S_{22} - S_{11}) / 2 .

…”

Section: Antenna Configuration and Designmentioning

confidence: 97%

Shared radiator based high‐isolated tri‐port mobile terminal antenna group design

Huang

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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This article proposes a high‐isolated tri‐port antenna group for 5G mobile terminals based on the shared radiator and mode orthogonality technology, which is realized by exciting the two orthogonal currents through two ports on a shared loop radiator and a patch antenna orthogonal to the loop on the back of the mobile terminal. The −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the three ports in the antenna group could cover the 3.4–3.6 GHz 5G band, while the isolation is above 20 dB within the antenna group, a very compact volume. In addition, a 12 × 12 MIMO antenna is proposed by integrating four antenna groups. The MIMO antenna still has measured isolation above 18 dB and efficiency above 50% over the operation band thanks to the orthogonal decoupling design. A good multiplexing performance is also achieved with the ECC of <0.08 and peak channel capacity of 60.29 bps/Hz at 20 dB SNR.

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Antenna Decoupling by Common and Differential Modes Cancellation

Cited by 133 publications

References 48 publications

Isolation enhancement for four‐element MIMO antenna by using novel meandering technique

Isolation enhancement for four‐element MIMO antenna by using novel meandering technique

A wideband self‐decoupled multi‐input multi‐output antenna with a high isolation

Shared radiator based high‐isolated tri‐port mobile terminal antenna group design

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