Antenna Tracking Techniques for Long Range Air-to-Ground Communication Systems Using a Monopulse Method

Kim, Jaesin; Lee, Jaemoon; Lee, Inkyu

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3022932

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In (17) and (18), c is an arbitrary constant. It should be noted that the ideal value for R re is zero, which is shown in (16).…”

Section: A Statistical Modeling Of Monopulse Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The monopulse radar uses four sub-beams on the horizontal/vertical axes to obtain the AoA. In the radar field, researches on classifying nearby targets and energy bin-spreading issues between samples of matched filter have been dealt with concerning the monopulse amplitude comparison method [15]- [18]. The AoA estimation method of the monopulse radar gave insight into the auxiliary beam pair algorithm for the antenna array [19], and many variant algorithms were also proposed in the communication antenna array field [20]- [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Angle-of-Arrival Estimation Technique for Fast Beamforming Using Monopulse Signal in the Antenna Array Systems

Song

Nam

2021

IEEE Access

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In this paper we propose an anlge-of-arrival (AoA) estimation technique using the monopulse signal to achieve a reliable link for the ground-to-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or UAV-to-UAV. We first find the exact statistical characteristics of the monopulse signal, which is the random variable as a form of the ratio between the uncorrelated quadratic random variables with non-zero means. Specifically, we derive the probability density function (PDF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the monopulse signal in antenna array in closed-form. Then using the statistical characteristics of the monopulse signal, we develop the adaptive AoA estimator which can be applied to fast beamforming with high accuracy. Based on our exact analytical results, we derive the mean square error (MSE) performance of the proposed method. We show from our simulations that the proposed method achieves better performance with relatively less complexity and overhead than other conventional methods.

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“…In (17) and (18), c is an arbitrary constant. It should be noted that the ideal value for R re is zero, which is shown in (16).…”

Section: A Statistical Modeling Of Monopulse Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angle-of-Arrival Estimation Technique for Fast Beamforming Using Monopulse Signal in the Antenna Array Systems

Song

Nam

2021

IEEE Access

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“…Unlike GPS-based tracking methods, monopulse does not require any telemetry data, so connection issues are not a problem. By utilizing a monopulse-based tracking algorithm, Kim et al (2020) can determine AT direction without knowing the locations of the UAVs. In spite of eliminating problems associated with GPS-based approaches, monopulse antennas require more specialized configurations than conventional directional antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel elliptic trajectory formula for active RSSI-based antenna tracking algorithm

İşcan

Tas

Gurkan

et al. 2023

Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control

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In this study, a novel received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based tracking algorithm for antenna tracker systems utilizing directional antennas is proposed. This system has two sequential phases, which are the “Full Area Scan Phase” and the “Active RSSI-Based Tracking Phase” with a unique elliptic trajectory formula for generating an original two-dimensional (2D) RSSI map to detect the maximum signal. An elliptic trajectory paves the way for splitting RSSI measurements into specific regions equally on this map in which any disturbance and noises are eliminated. The proposed method do not require any telemetry data or multiple receivers for antennas. The simulation results showed that the algorithm attained to 98 % accuracy with respect to the Global Positioning System (GPS)-based ones. In real-world experiments, it captures the first handshake signal within 6 seconds even when the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) positions are uncertain. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this novel technique can provide a continuous tracking at high resolution with the error value of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the elevation and azimuth axes, respectively, compared with the GPS-based one. In conclusion, the simulation and test studies indicated that the proposed method could achieve a higher precision tracking with its advantages against the former methods.

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“…Due to the limitation of available spectrum, the wideband AG data link typically adopts high frequency bands such as X or Ku bands even though it suffers from a huge propagation loss [5]. Thus, it practically needs high-gain directional tracking antenna systems to cover hundreds of kilometers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel Measurements and Characterizations for Long Range Air-to-Ground Communication Systems in the UHF Band

Kim

Lee

2022

IEEE Access

Self Cite

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In this paper, we consider long range air-to-ground (AG) communication systems which support aeronautical platforms including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the ultra high frequency (UHF) band. For such a system, we present the measurement based path loss analysis and multipath characteristic results at the distance of hundreds of kilometers. To this end, the experimental AG channel measurement system is implemented at the aircraft with various ground station (GS) environments. Through realistic flight tests, we observe the path loss behaviors for long range UHF channels with sea and ground earth surface reflections. By comparing the measurement results with the empirical path loss model and the spherical earth two-ray model, we demonstrate that our measurement results match well with the model. Moreover, for the multipath channel characterization, we provide field test results on the occurrence probability, delay, and power of multipath components in hilly and mountainous environments with various altitudes of the aircraft.INDEX TERMS Air-to-ground, long range communication systems, channel characterization, UHF band

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Antenna Tracking Techniques for Long Range Air-to-Ground Communication Systems Using a Monopulse Method

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Angle-of-Arrival Estimation Technique for Fast Beamforming Using Monopulse Signal in the Antenna Array Systems

Angle-of-Arrival Estimation Technique for Fast Beamforming Using Monopulse Signal in the Antenna Array Systems

A novel elliptic trajectory formula for active RSSI-based antenna tracking algorithm

Channel Measurements and Characterizations for Long Range Air-to-Ground Communication Systems in the UHF Band

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