2018
DOI: 10.1186/s40634-018-0136-6
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Anterior cruciate ligament repair – past, present and future

Abstract: BackgroundThis article provides a detailed narrative review on the history and current concepts surrounding ligamentous repair techniques in athletic patients. In particular, we will focus on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) as a case study in ligament injury and ligamentous repair techniques. PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases for papers relating to primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were searched by all participating authors. All relevant historical papers were include… Show more

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Cited by 113 publications
(97 citation statements)
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References 97 publications
(135 reference statements)
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“…The optimal treatment of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear remains debatable; however, in the demanding athletic patient, ACL reconstruction using a tendon autograft is usually recommended [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Contrary to this, in the 1970s and 1980s, open primary ACL repair was the gold standard surgical treatment [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Due to the poor biological healing capacity of the ACL with synovial fluid creating “a hostile environment” and intra-articular movements preventing the required formation of a stable fibrin-platelet scaffold, high re-rupture rates and simultaneous advancements in ACL reconstruction led to an almost complete abandonment of open ACL repair in the 1990s [ 4 , 5 , 7 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The optimal treatment of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear remains debatable; however, in the demanding athletic patient, ACL reconstruction using a tendon autograft is usually recommended [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Contrary to this, in the 1970s and 1980s, open primary ACL repair was the gold standard surgical treatment [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Due to the poor biological healing capacity of the ACL with synovial fluid creating “a hostile environment” and intra-articular movements preventing the required formation of a stable fibrin-platelet scaffold, high re-rupture rates and simultaneous advancements in ACL reconstruction led to an almost complete abandonment of open ACL repair in the 1990s [ 4 , 5 , 7 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Contrary to this, in the 1970s and 1980s, open primary ACL repair was the gold standard surgical treatment [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Due to the poor biological healing capacity of the ACL with synovial fluid creating “a hostile environment” and intra-articular movements preventing the required formation of a stable fibrin-platelet scaffold, high re-rupture rates and simultaneous advancements in ACL reconstruction led to an almost complete abandonment of open ACL repair in the 1990s [ 4 , 5 , 7 ]. A resurgence of focused attention on restoring native anatomy, preservation of proprioceptive abilities and reduction in donor site morbidity have led to a renewed interest in ACL repair for patients presenting with a proximal tear pattern, with excellent tissue quality and a short delay to surgery [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different techniques for ACL reconstruction have been described [3,4]. A well-established method is the use of the semitendinosus tendon [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[6][7][8] Of these, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the most commonly employed. [6][7][8] The use of PRP during ACL reconstruction has demonstrated a positive influence in the tissue healing process both at the tendon portion of the graft and at the donor site. [9][10][11] Cell-based therapies in ACL reconstruction have been tried.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%