Anterior rhinal cortex and amygdala: Dissociation of their contributions to memory and food preference in rhesus monkeys.

Abstract

Rhesus monkeys were trained on 2 versions of delayed nonmatching-to-sample, one with multiple pairs of objects and the other with a single pair, to evaluate their ability to remember objects. They then received either bilateral aspiration lesions of the anterior rhinal cortex or bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the amygdala, or were retained as unoperated controls. On re-presentation of the multiple-pair task, monkeys with anterior rhinal cortex lesions failed to show the improvement observed in both other groups in remembering the objects over delay intervals ranging from 10 to 60 s. Also, monkeys with anterior rhinal cortex lesions were impaired relative to the controls in relearning the single-pair version of the task. Conversely, on a formal test of food preference, monkeys with amygdala lesions showed abnormal patterns of food choice, whereas monkeys with anterior rhinal cortex lesions did not. Visual memory impairments formerly attributed to amygdala damage are probably due to the rhinal cortex damage associated with aspiration lesions of the amygdala.

Visual habit formation in monkeys with neurotoxic lesions of the ventrocaudal neostriatum

“…As already noted, damage to the perirhinal͞entorhinal cortices produces a behavioral pattern that is just the opposite of the one observed here, namely an impairment in visual recognition memory but not in visual habit formation (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(26)(27)(28). Further, each of these patterns differs from the one produced by damage to TE, which yields impairments in both types of visual learning and memory (31,32).…”

“…One of these targets, the inferior prefrontal convexity (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), is essential for short-term visual memory (6)(7)(8), whereas the second, the perirhinal͞ entorhinal cortices in the medial temporal lobe (9)(10)(11)(12)(13), is critical for the long-term recognition of visual stimuli and of their associations with other stimuli (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Neither of these areas, however, seems to contribute substantially to still another type of visual learning known as visual habit formation (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

Raf kinase inhibitory protein knockout mice: Expression in the brain and olfaction deficit

“…In mammals, olfaction is critical in sexual recognition and in establishing food preferences. It is widely accepted that the amygdala is the brain center for gustation and food preference [2,4,28]. The smell information from nasal mucosa is sensed by chemosensitive peripheries of olfactory neurons and then projected to the olfactory bulbs.…”

Dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic value systems in conditioning and outcome-specific revaluation

“…Temporal lobe lesions impair US tasks (Barefoot et al, 2000) and SVD tasks (Voytko, 1986). AMYG lesions impair US tasks (Gaffan, 1994), CS tasks (Kantak et al, 2001;Cardinal et al, 2002), and FSS tasks (Murray et al, 1996;Malkova et al, 1997). LH lesions impair US tasks Bernardis and Bellinger, 1996;Touzani and Sclafani, 2002).…”