Anterograde transsynaptic transport of WGA-HRP in rat olfactory pathways

Itaya, Stephen K.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90703-7

Cited by 76 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although BL was expressed in the olfactory system as early as E11.5, no detrimental effect of the lectin on olfactory system organization or function could be discerned. Our results with BL expressed in transgenic mice resembled those obtained with the nasal application of the transneuronal tracer WGA-HRP (11)(12)(13)(14), except that in older transgenic mice BL protein spread to many brain areas. This was most likely because of widespread transport of BL from neuromodulatory areas that had retrogradely transported BL from the bulb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…In the AOB, BL protein was similarly detected in mitral cells, which form a broader layer in the AOB than in the MOB. The pattern of BL labeling in the MOB resembled that previously seen after nasal application of WGA-HRP (11)(12)(13)(14). The mechanisms underlying WGA transneuronal transfer have not been defined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…WGA-HRP conjugates placed in the rat nose can be internalized by OE neurons and then transneuronally transferred to their synaptic partners in the olfactory bulb (11)(12)(13)(14). WGA is endocytosed by a wide variety of neurons after binding to cell surface GLcNAc residues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A genetic approach to trace neural circuits

Horowitz

Montmayeur²,

Echelard³

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mammalian nervous system function involves billions of neurons which are interconnected in a multitude of neural circuits. Here we describe a genetic approach to chart neural circuits. By using an olfactoryspecific promoter, we selectively expressed barley lectin in sensory neurons in the olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal organ of transgenic mice. The lectin was transported through the axons of those neurons to the olfactory bulb, transferred to the bulb neurons with which they synapse, and transported through the axons of bulb neurons to the olfactory cortex. The lectin also was retrogradely transported from the bulb to neuromodulatory brain areas. No evidence could be obtained for adverse effects of the lectin on odorant receptor gene expression, sensory axon targeting in the bulb, or the generation or transmission of signals by olfactory sensory neurons. Transneuronal transfer was detected prenatally in the odorsensing pathway, but only postnatally in the pheromonesensing pathway, suggesting that odors, but not pheromones, may be sensed in utero. Our studies demonstrate that a plant lectin can serve as a transneuronal tracer when its expression is genetically targeted to a subset of neurons. This technology can potentially be applied to a variety of vertebrate and invertebrate neural systems and may be particularly valuable for mapping connections formed by small subsets of neurons and for studying the development of connectivity as it occurs in utero.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A genetic approach to trace neural circuits

Horowitz

Montmayeur²,

Echelard³

et al. 1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…gold particles (De Lorenzo 1970;Gopinath et al 1978), aluminium lactate (Perl & Good 1987) and wheat germ agglutinin± horseradish peroxidase (Shipley 1985;Baker & Spencer 1986;Itaya 1987;Thorne et al 1995). For the last material it was found that uptake into the neural cell was by receptormediated endocytosis and that horseradish peroxidase alone was not able to reach the olfactory bulb in significant quantities due to a different transport pathway .…”

Section: Transport Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is nose-to-brain transport of drugs in man a reality?

Illum¹

2004

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

399

262

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The blood-brain barrier that segregates the brain interstitial fluid from the circulating blood provides an efficient barrier for the diffusion of most, especially polar, drugs from the blood to receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Hence limitations are evident in the treatment of CNS diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, especially exploiting neuropeptides and similar polar and large molecular weight drugs. In recent years interest has been expressed in the use of the nasal route for delivery of drugs to the brain, exploiting the olfactory pathway. A wealth of studies has reported proof of nose-to-brain delivery of a range of different drugs in animal models, such as the rat. Studies in man have mostly compared the pharmacological effects (e.g. brain functions) of nasally applied drugs with parenterally applied drugs and have shown a distinct indication of direct nose-to-brain transport. Recent studies in volunteers involving cerebrospinal fluid sampling, blood sampling and pharmacokinetic analysis after nasal, and in some instances parenteral administration of different drugs, have in my opinion confirmed the likely existence of a direct pathway from nose to brain.

show abstract

“…Animal studies have provided converging evidence that, after intranasal administration, larger molecules such as horseradish peroxidase and viruses reach the extracellular compartment of the brain within 45 to 90 min through intercellular junctions of the olfactory epithelia. 16,17 Moreover, in humans synthetic peptides such as 1-desamino-8d-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP) have been shown to accumulate in liquor after intranasal administration. 18 There are also coherent functional data indicating a direct access of peptides to brain functions through the nose.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal angiotensin II directly influences central nervous regulation of blood pressure

Derad¹,

Willeke²,

Pietrowsky³

et al. 1998

American Journal of Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intranasal administration of some peptides has been shown to directly influence central nervous functions, thus pointing to a nose-brain pathway for these substances in humans. The present study investigated whether intranasal administration of angiotensin II (ANG II) affects central nervous functions of cardiovascular control in a different way from intravenously administered ANG II. In a balanced cross-over design 12 healthy men were treated with ANG II intravenously (2.5 g), ANG II intranasally (400 g), and placebo. Angiotensin II, vasopressin, norepinephrine, and epinephrine plasma levels were assessed every 10 min; blood pressure, heart rate, and systemic vascular resistance were measured by a Dinamap, and by continuous, noninvasive body plethysmography. Also, feelings of activation and mood were measured. Intranasal and intravenous administration invoked equivalent increases in plasma levels of ANG II, and induced an acute rise in blood pressure of comparable size and duration. However, subsequent blood pressure profiles differed dependent on intravenous and intranasal ANG II administration; after intravenous ANG II administration blood pressure remained enhanced at an intermediate level, but it returned to normal or even decreased below normal levels after intranasal ANG II administration. Intranasal ANG II also counteracted the decrease in norepinephrine levels observed after intravenous administration of ANG II. Intranasal but not intravenous ANG II enhanced plasma concentrations of vasopressin. This diverging pattern of effects bears similarities with effects of intracerebroventricular administration of ANG II in animals, suggesting that the effects after intranasal administration reflect a direct central nervous action of ANG II. Am J Hypertens 1998;11:971-977

show abstract

Anterograde transsynaptic transport of WGA-HRP in rat olfactory pathways

Cited by 76 publications

References 30 publications

A genetic approach to trace neural circuits

A genetic approach to trace neural circuits

Is nose-to-brain transport of drugs in man a reality?

Intranasal angiotensin II directly influences central nervous regulation of blood pressure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About