Anthocyanin Production in Chl-Rich and Chl-Poor Seedlings

Mancinelli, Alberto L.; Hoff, A.M.; Cottrell, Matthew T.

doi:10.1104/pp.86.3.652

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This suggests that photosynthesis does not play an important role in this leafmediated light response. The previously shown inhibition of detrched corolla limb pigmentation by DCMU may have been caused by a nonspecific effect of the inhibitor (Mancinelli et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf-Mediated Light Responses in Petunia Flowers

1996

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In the present work we studied the role of light in the regulation of flavonoid gene expression and anthocyanin synthesis in petunia (Petunia hybrida) corollas. We found that light is required for chalcone synthase gene (chs) expression, anthocyanin synthesis, and growth of detached and attached petunia corollas. Although direct illumination induced chs expression, pigmentation, and elongation of the detached corollas, irradiation of green leaves or sepals played the main role in the attached corollas. The duration, intensity, and spectrum of the light reaction suggest that phytochromemediated high-irradiance reactions are involved in the regulation of corolla development. Using the photosynthesis inhibitor 3-(3,4-dichloropheny1)-1 ,I-dimethylurea, we showed that photosynthesis does not significantly contribute to the leaf-mediated light responses. When sepals were removed or covered, ['4C]sucrose uptake by the corolla of detached intact flowers was inhibited. The results of this study suggest that light is perceived by leaves and sepals and enhances corolla sink activity, elongation, pigmentation, and chs expression. The role of leaves and sepals in the light regulation of petunia corolla development is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf-Mediated Light Responses in Petunia Flowers

1996

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“…Anthocyanin and Chl were extracted from cotyledons essentially as described by Mancinelli et al (1988) except that acidified (1% HCl, v/v) methanol was used at a rate of 30 ' mL g-' fresh weight. The cotyledons were extracted for at least 6 h prior to reading the absorbance at 530 nm (peak absorbance of anthocyanin) and 657 nm (peak absorbance of Chl degradation products).…”

Section: Anthocyanin and Chl Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Altered Gravitropic Response of the lazy-2 Mutant of Tomato Is Phytochrome Regulated

Gaiser

Lomax

1993

Plant Physiol.

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Shoots of the lazy-2 (lz-2) gravitropic mutant of tomato (Lyco- There are severa1 reports in the literature of an interaction between light and the gravity response of higher plants. The clearest and best-studied example of such an interaction is the phytochrome-regulated switch from a diagravitropic growth habit of dark-grown roots of the Merit variety of com to a positive gravitropic growth habit after R irradiation (Mandoli et al., 1984). The same response has been reported in other varieties of corn (Johnson et al., 1991) and in Convolvulus arvensis (Tepfer and Bonnett, 1972). Feldman and Briggs (1987) demonstrated that the phytochrome response of Merit was a VLFR.Data on the interactions between phytochrome and the gravitropic response of shoots are conflicting. Kang and Burg (1972) reported a stimulation of the gravitropic response of peas after R irradiation. On the other hand, there are reports of R irradiation resulting in an inhibition of gravitropic curvature in peas (McArthur and Briggs, 1979) and watercress (Hart and MacDonald, 1980). Another study (Britz and Galston, 1982) concluded that R pretreatment enhanced gravity perception but that, ultimately, the kinetics and extent of the gravitropic response were identical in R-irradiated and darkgrown control plants. Thus, although it appears that phytochrome can modulate the shoot gravitropic response in some plants, the exact nature of the light/gravity interaction is unclear.Here we report on the 12-2 gravitropic mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), for which exposure to light results in a specific reversal in the direction of the shoot gravitropic response. In the dark, 12-2 plants exhibit a typical gravitropic response: differential growth leads to an upward reorientation of the shoot apex and a downward reorientation of the root apex. However, when plants canying the 22-2 mutation are placed in the light, the stem response is reversed so that the shoot apex becomes reoriented downward (Roberts, 1987) but the root response is unchanged (Gaiser and Lomax, 1992). If the 12-2 plants are retumed to the dark, they revert to the wild-type phenotype, exhibiting upward reorientation of the shoot apex (Roberts, 1987).We have previously shown that light-induced downward curvature in 12-2 is a directed response to gravity rather than simply a failure to grow upright (Gaiser and Lomax, 1992). Shoots of 12-2 seedlings apparently sense the gravitropic vector normally, but respond in the opposite direction than do wild-type plants. 12-2 seedlings show no variation from wild type in their elongation response to exogenous IAA and are able to carry out B-mediated phototropic curvature in the proper direction (Gaiser and Lomax, 1992).Light-induced downward growth of 12-2 stems is enhanced by R as compared with W (Gaiser and Lomax, 1992;Roberts and Gilbert, 1992). We demonstrate here that this downward growth is regulated by the photoreceptor phytochrome. Our data from experiments with dark-grown 12-2 seedlings suggest that (a) whereas R is capable of ind...

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“…After extraction, 1.0 mL of water and 2.0 mL of chloroform were added, and the sample was vortexed and centrifuged at 3,000g for 2 min. Relative anthocyanin levels were determined by measuring A 530 of the upper aqueous phase (Mancinelli et al, 1988) using a Beckman DU 7400 spectrophotometer.…”

Section: Anthocyanin Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis Mutant Tolerant to Lethal Ultraviolet-B Levels Shows Constitutively Elevated Accumulation of Flavonoids and Other Phenolics

2001

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The isolation and characterization of mutants hypersensitive to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been a powerful tool to learn about the mechanisms that protect plants against UV-induced damage. To increase our understanding of the various mechanisms of defense against UVB radiation, we searched for mutations that would increase the level of tolerance of Arabidopsis plants to UV radiation. We describe a single gene dominant mutation (uvt1) that leads to a remarkable tolerance to UVB radiation conditions that would kill wild-type plants. Pigment analyses show a constitutive increase in accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds in uvt1 that increases the capacity of the leaves to block UVB radiation and therefore is likely to be responsible for the elevated resistance of this mutant to UVB radiation. These increases in absorption in the UV region are due, at least in part, to increases in flavonoid and sinapate accumulation. Expression of chalcone synthase (CHS) mRNA was shown to be constitutively elevated in uvt1 plants, suggesting that the increases in absorption may be a consequence of changes in gene expression. Expression of CHS in uvt1 was shown to be still inducible by UV, indicating that the uvt1 lesion may not affect the UV-mediated regulation of CHS gene expression. Our data support an important role for UV screens in the overall protection of plants to UVB radiation. The uvt1 mutant could prove to be an important tool to elucidate further the exact role of UV-absorbing pigments in UV protection as well as the relative contribution of other mechanisms to the overall tolerance of plants to UV radiation.

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Anthocyanin Production in Chl-Rich and Chl-Poor Seedlings

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Leaf-Mediated Light Responses in Petunia Flowers

Leaf-Mediated Light Responses in Petunia Flowers

The Altered Gravitropic Response of the lazy-2 Mutant of Tomato Is Phytochrome Regulated

An Arabidopsis Mutant Tolerant to Lethal Ultraviolet-B Levels Shows Constitutively Elevated Accumulation of Flavonoids and Other Phenolics

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