Anthropogenic Disturbances of an Ombrotrophic Mire Owing to Constructions of Road and Drainage Channel

Yabe, Kazuo; Nakamura, Takatoshi; Kawauchi, Kunio; Takahashi, Kosei

doi:10.5632/jila.62.557

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Carex lasiocarpa subsp. occultans , Lysichiton camtschatcensis and Trichophorum alpinum are known to grow in areas with a groundwater depth shallower than 5 cm (Yabe & Onimaru, 1997; Yabe et al., 2001; Gagnon et al., 2018). Bragazza and Gerdol (2002) showed that the mire margin characterized by C. lasiocarpa and Sphagnum subsecundum was less acidic and more eutrophic than lawn and hummock characterized by E. vaginatum , S. fuscum and Vaccinium vitis‐idaea because of a difference in the degree of mineral soil water inflow, which is consistent with the hypothesis that MC was more eutrophic than ME and SL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic conditions as governing factors of mire vegetation types analyzed from drone‐based terrain model

Kaneko,

Yokochi,

Inoue

et al. 2024

J Vegetation Science

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QuestionsPrevious studies have shown that mire vegetation responds to fine‐scale differences in topography; however, very few studies have examined the relationship between multiple topographic conditions and vegetation distribution patterns by using topographic information with a resolution finer than microtopographic patches of sub‐meter scale in mires. Is it possible to predict vegetation distribution patterns in a mire using topographic information derived from drone imagery? How do topographic conditions affect the emergence of vegetation types?Location3 km2 of sloping mire in eastern Hokkaido, northern Japan.MethodsDigital surface models (DSMs) and orthomosaics were created using an affordable drone (Phantom3 advanced) and photogrammetry. We calculated 23 variables reflecting topographic conditions from DSMs. The locations of four vegetation types (Moliniopsis japonica–Eriophorum vaginatum, ME; Moliniopsis japonica–Carex lasiocarpa, MC; Sphagnum fuscum–Ledum palustre, SL; and Carex lyngbyei–Thelypteris palustris, CT) were recorded by field survey and orthomosaics. Random forest models that predicted vegetation types from topographic variables were created and we evaluated the prediction accuracy, importance of variables and effect of variables on the occurrence probability of the vegetation types.ResultsAll predictive indicators (recall, precision, overall accuracy, kappa) were very high (>0.9). Important variables for modeling were altitude, relative height to the surroundings, slopes at a scale of several 10 m, soil wetness index and terrain ruggedness. Each vegetation type appeared under different topographic conditions; altitude was a key factor in ME and MC, and slope in CT. SL showed patchy distribution predictions on hummocks.ConclusionsVegetation distribution in the mire was strongly related to topographic information based on the DSMs. Analysis of the variable effects indicates that the emergence of the vegetation types was explained by a combination of multiple topographic conditions. This approach has the outstanding advantages of obtaining many survey points quickly and retrieving topographic conditions difficult to measure using on‐ground field surveys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic conditions as governing factors of mire vegetation types analyzed from drone‐based terrain model

Kaneko,

Yokochi,

Inoue

et al. 2024

J Vegetation Science

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“…Therefore, an excess of base mineral elements can seriously affect the species composition. For example, Yabe et al . (1999) reported that a substitutive alder–birch thicket invaded a Sphagnum papillosum Lindb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very few studies have analysed the chemical composition of cool‐temperate mires in relation to plant communities in Japan (Yabe & Onimaru 1997; Yabe et al . 1999, 2001; Haraguchi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Base mineral inflow in a remnant cool‐temperate mire ecosystem

Yabe¹,

Nakamura²

2002

Ecological Research

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Kiushitou (42°28′ N, 141°9′ E) is a lowland mire located in a residential area of northern Japan. We examined the 2‐D distribution of hydrochemical variables and their seasonal changes in relation to plant communities in an attempt to conserve the Sphagnum fen (Sphagnum subfulvum). This mire is gently sloping and the upper area consists of alder and ash forests, while the lower area is covered with fen communities. The grassy fen, Moliniopsis japonica, occurs throughout the lower area, whereas the Sphagnum fen is restricted to the southwest part of the mire. anova and canonical correspondence analysis revealed that the occurrence of Sphagnum fen is negatively correlated with Mg, Ca and electrical conductivity (EC). These variables indicated that water in the upper forest area contained a high concentration of minerals from the neighboring residential area. Seasonal changes in EC values revealed that the watercourse from a spring point in an upper corner to the lowest drainage ditch was divided into two, southwest and northeast, courses. Because the northeast‐course spring water joins mineral‐rich water flowing from a point at the upper margin, the northeast part of the lower area contains considerable Ca and Mg. In contrast, the mineral‐poor spring water flowing into the southwest part of the mire ensures the survival of the Sphagnum fen. Thus, when we stop the supply of mineral‐rich water from the upper margin the area of the Sphagnum fen will expand into the northeast part of the mire. Two‐dimensional details of the hydrochemical regime clarify the impact of mineral inflow and the expansion mechanisms of these minerals.

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“…These impacts have altered species composition as a result of desiccation, e.g., in Bibai bog (Kasubuchi et al 1994) and Sarobetsu bog (Fujita et al 2003), with the expansion of the Sasa communities, and eutrophication, e.g., in Utasai mire, with the decrease in Sphagnum (Yabe et al 1999). The study site, Kushiro mire, is also changing in composition, especially because of the expansion of alder forests and the decrease in fen grasslands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gradients controlling vegetation in Alnus japonica forests in Kushiro mire, Hokkaido, Japan

Negishi

2008

Landscape Ecol Eng

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This study examined factors controlling the vegetation in Kushiro mire, northern Japan, especially in the alder and reed communities. The alder community was classified into four types that were arranged by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) as follows: Carex lasiocarpa type, Carex augustinowiczii type, Persicaria type, and Spiraea type. The four types exhibited differences in size (tree height) and in the ratio of sprouting stems. Although plants growing on the forest floor primarily determined the species composition of the community, shading by alder crowns had no marked effect on the community gradient. Therefore, hydrochemical variables could control the growth and occurrence of both the floor plants and alder tree size. The differences between reed community and the alder community sites were characterized as heavily eutrophic by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Overall, the chemical variables pH and P 2 O 5 and the hydrochemical variables maximum and range of water level were positively correlated with the CCA axis, and effectively explained the community gradient in relation to alder growth. These variables could be controlled by the inflow of neutral and turbid water from river floods or runoff, which would increase pH by replacing the acidic mire water, ash content, and P 2 O 5 by conveying suspended inorganic particles that adsorb phosphorus.

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Anthropogenic Disturbances of an Ombrotrophic Mire Owing to Constructions of Road and Drainage Channel

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Topographic conditions as governing factors of mire vegetation types analyzed from drone‐based terrain model

Topographic conditions as governing factors of mire vegetation types analyzed from drone‐based terrain model

Base mineral inflow in a remnant cool‐temperate mire ecosystem

Gradients controlling vegetation in Alnus japonica forests in Kushiro mire, Hokkaido, Japan

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