Anthropogenic iodine-129 tracks iodine cycling in the Arctic

Qi, Yuanzhi; Yang, Qiuyu; Yamagata, Takeyasu; Matsuzaki, Hiroyuki; Nagai, Hisao; Kumamoto, Yuichiro; Itoh, Motoyo

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2024.06.007

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2024.06.007

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Anthropogenic iodine-129 tracks iodine cycling in the Arctic

Yuanzhi Qi,

Qiuyu Yang,

Takeyasu Yamagata

et al.

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2024

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Non-negligible Polyhalogenated Carbazoles in Arctic Soils and Sediments: Occurrence, Target and Suspect Screening, and Potential Sources

Zou,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The presence of polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs), which are emerging as dioxin-like contaminants, in remote polar regions has not been reported. This study investigated 11 target PHCZs (Σ 11 PHCZs) and 25 unknown PHCZs (Σ 25 UNPs) in soil and sediment samples collected from Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic. The findings revealed that Σ 11 PHCZs concentrations reached 165.6 ng/g dry weight (dw), with 3,6-dichlorocarbazole and 3-chlorocarbazole being the predominant congeners. The Σ 25 UNPs concentrations ranged from 1.4 to 92.4 ng/g dw (median: 17.0 ng/g dw), primarily comprising a 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazole isomer. The sediment contained ∼6 times more Σ 25 UNPs than Σ 11 PHCZs. Long-range atmospheric transport, oceanic transport, and human activity can potentially affect soils and sediments concurrently. For the first time, halogen substitution patterns in PHCZs, including ClI, ClI 2 , and ClI 3 , were detected in soil and sediment. Using the toxic equivalent (TEQ) approach, the potential toxic effects linked to the target PHCZ levels were assessed. The TEQ PHCZs in Arctic soils and sediments indicated low risk, ranging from 8.0 × 10 −3 to 17 pg TEQ/g dw (median: 2.8 pg TEQ/g dw) and 0.1 to 0.4 pg TEQ/g dw (median: 0.3 pg TEQ/g dw), respectively. This study marks the first report on the occurrence, composition, sources, and potential risks posed by PHCZs in the Arctic region.

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Non-negligible Polyhalogenated Carbazoles in Arctic Soils and Sediments: Occurrence, Target and Suspect Screening, and Potential Sources

Zou,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

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Anthropogenic iodine-129 tracks iodine cycling in the Arctic

Cited by 1 publication

References 69 publications

Non-negligible Polyhalogenated Carbazoles in Arctic Soils and Sediments: Occurrence, Target and Suspect Screening, and Potential Sources

Non-negligible Polyhalogenated Carbazoles in Arctic Soils and Sediments: Occurrence, Target and Suspect Screening, and Potential Sources

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