Anthropogenic PAHs in lake sediments: a literature review (2002–2018)

Abstract

The distribution and source of anthropogenic PAHs in sediments from different lakes around the world were summarized and generalized in this review.

Relationship between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Invertebrates of Natural and Artificial Stormwater Retention Ponds

“…The sediments from the SWRPs and the small, shallow lakes contained PAH at a wide range of concentrations ( Figure 2). The PAH levels in the SWRP were similar to what has been reported for comparable systems [37][38][39], and the concentrations in the lakes were in the upper range of what has been reported for freshwater sediments [40,41]. There was some variation from site to site in the PAH concentrations in both types of sediments.…”

“…The median level of PAH in the sediments of all water bodies was 0.75 mg•(kg•DM) −1 , which places them in the upper range of what has been reported for lake sediments around the world [41]. However, the concentrations were still one to two orders of magnitudes below what was reported for the most polluted natural lakes.…”

Long-Term Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Taihu Lake Sediment Microcosms: Identification of New Pathways, PCB-Driven Shifts of Microbial Communities, and Insights into Dechlorination Potential

“…Taihu Lake, the third largest freshwater lake in China, is of great ecological and economic significance. However, it has been suffering from various environmental issues. , Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins, and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were frequently detected in water, sediments, and aquatic products. − However, most of the studies have focused on monitoring, source tracking, and ecological risk assessment. , The toxicity equivalents (TEQs) of PCDD/Fs in Taihu Lake sediments were higher than the threshold effect level of the sediment quality guidelines in Canada, ranging from 0.91 to 4.80 pg/g dw . Xu and colleagues reported as high as 0.7–1.6, 2.7–6.9, and 11.1–22.9 pg/g dw TEQs of PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and PAHs, respectively .…”

Sargassum horneri‐based carbon‐doped TiO2 and its aquatic naphthalene photodegradation under sunlight irradiation

“…PAHs are neutral or nonpolar hydrocarbons composed of two or more condensed aromatic rings arranged in linear, angular or clustered shapes 1 . As recognized by many works, PAHs mainly originate from oil seepages, erosion of petroliferous shales, pyrolysis from incomplete combustion of wood and biomass, as well as artificial industrial production or agricultural emissions 2,3 . During the past two decades, aquatic PAH contamination has gained more and more attention, because of carcinogenicity or mutagenicity, toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation, and a huge threat posed to entire ecosystems 4 .…”

“…1 As recognized by many works, PAHs mainly originate from oil seepages, erosion of petroliferous shales, pyrolysis from incomplete combustion of wood and biomass, as well as artificial industrial production or agricultural emissions. 2,3 During the past two decades, aquatic PAH contamination has gained more and more attention, because of carcinogenicity or mutagenicity, toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation, and a huge threat posed to entire ecosystems. 4 In order to solve the pollution of PAHs, physical methods, chemical methods and biodegradation methods have been proposed.…”