Anthropological assessment of changes in living conditions of the rural population in Poland in the period 1967–2001

Łaska-Mierzejewska, Teresa; Olszewska, Elżbieta

doi:10.1080/03014460701317798

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…An in-depth analysis of environmental factors made it possible to conclude that the environment itself is subject to transformations at a different rate in different regions of the country. Hence, the time variability of somatic traits and the variable rate of biological maturation in different regions and social environments has been confirmed in studies by Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska [7], Przewęda and Dobosz [15], Saczuk and Wasiluk [19], and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Generation changes over the period of 1986-2006 in the physical fitness of boys aged 7-19 from eastern Poland at particular stages of education

Saczuk

Wasiluk

Zalech

2012

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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SummaryStudy aim: To assess the size of secular trends in the physical fitness of boys from eastern Poland taking into consideration stages of education. Material and methods:The physical fitness results of boys aged 7-19 years living in eastern regions of Poland were analyzed: 3188 students were examined in 1986 while in 2006 the research included 10 810 boys. In both examinations (1986 and 2006), the level of motor abilities was measured according to the guidelines of the International Physical Fitness Test. The individual results of children and youth examined in 2006, which took into account calendar age, were converted into points on a T scale, with means and standard deviations from 1986 accepted as norms. On the basis of the obtained point values and taking into account stages of education (7-9 -integrated teaching, 10-12 -primary school, 13-15 -lower-secondary school, 16-18 -upper-secondary school), arithmetic means and dispersion values concerning motor abilities in the groups were calculated. Individual results in motor abilities of every subject were used to define quantitative generation changes. Differences between the means obtained in 1986 and 2006, as well as between the fractions of boys qualified for respective fitness category in both examinations, were assessed. Results: Over the 2-decade period the boys from eastern Poland slightly improved their results only as far as sit-ups are concerned (1.47 points), while the level of bent arm hang, handgrip, 50 m run, and shuttle run 4×10 m remained the same. In contrast, negative changes were observed in the long run (4.44 points), the sit-and-reach test (4.47 points), and the standing broad jump (3.74 points). The greatest decline in motor abilities was noted amongst schoolchildren from integrated education classes (2.69 points); whereas the smallest decline was noted in adolescents from lower secondary schools (0.60 points). Conclusions:The changes noted in physical fitness indicate that in the context of health the revision of the Act on Physical Culture from 2002, which reduced the number of school's physical education classes, is a debatable issue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Generation changes over the period of 1986-2006 in the physical fitness of boys aged 7-19 from eastern Poland at particular stages of education

Saczuk

Wasiluk

Zalech

2012

Biomedical Human Kinetics

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“…A secular trend in the form of earlier pubertal timing in successive generations has been observed for over 100 years (Cichocka and Żarów 2002 ;Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska 2007 ) . Over the past 150 years, the onset of puberty has been globally lowered by 3 years, which is 0.2 year/decade.…”

Section: Conditionings Of Acceleration Of Menarchementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Lowering of the age at menarche in Polish girls was observed in subsequent years, despite the political and economic transformations. (Based on Hulanicka and Waliszko 1991;Charzewski et al 1998 ;Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska 2007) (Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska 2007 ) . Throughout the study period , the daughters of villagers who were not landowners attained the ability to reproduce earlier than girls from families consisting of both farmers and workers, whereas the daughters of farmers were the last to become sexually mature.…”

Section: Acceleration Of Menarche In Polish Girlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "social gradients" denotes a change in the value of biological parameters and their direction at the rate that refl ects the economic situation of the groups studied (Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska 2007 ) . In the description of social disparities, paired groups differing in respect of the "quality" of factors infl uencing them (such as big cities and villages, and small and large families) are usually contrasted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The factors that make up the socioeconomic status result in two kinds of variation in the measures of the human biological condition: social gradients and secular trends (Łaska-Mierzejewska and Olszewska 2007 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Secular Trends in the Anthropometry of Adolescents and College Students: Polish Perspective

Antoszewski

Sitek²

2012

Handbook of Anthropometry

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Socio-economic disparities lead to biological consequences manifested in the differences in anthropometric traits as well as in pubertal timing within a population, which is the case not only in Poland, but all over the world. The screening of the development of somatic traits in the Polish population has been conducted for over 100 years. Furthermore, some studies on stratification trends, i.e. intergenerational changes occurring in social groups singled out from the general population, have been conducted. Such analyses allow observing social stratification changes over a given period and determining the intensity of the biological consequences of these disparities.The analysis of intergenerational changes in respect of body height (stature) of Polish males based on a representative sample of military conscripts shows that the genetically determined growth potential of Poles has not been fully exploited yet, and thus a further increase in mean body height may be anticipated. However, it seems that the increase in adult stature will be in the near future less considerable than the intergenerational changes leading to BMI (Body Mass Index) increase. The continuing presence of social gradients in respect of body height and relative mass reflect the stability of social divisions in Polish living standards. The results of studies on earlier pubertal timing in Polish girls demonstrate that the lowering of age at menarche will continue, as the genetically determined limit has not been achieved yet, either.

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Short‐term secular variation in menarche and blood lead concentration in school girls in the copper basin of southwestern poland: 1995 and 2007

Sławińska

Ignasiak

Little

et al. 2012

American J Hum Biol

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Ages at menarche and blood lead levels declined between 1995 and 2007. Higher blood lead levels were not associated with menarche in 1995, suggesting that nutritional and health conditions and perhaps somewhat unstable social and economic conditions in the 1980s and early 1990s may have masked the influence of lead on sexual maturation. Elevated blood lead was associated with the probability of later menarche in 2007, although the association was of borderline (P = 0.06).

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Anthropological assessment of changes in living conditions of the rural population in Poland in the period 1967–2001

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Generation changes over the period of 1986-2006 in the physical fitness of boys aged 7-19 from eastern Poland at particular stages of education

Generation changes over the period of 1986-2006 in the physical fitness of boys aged 7-19 from eastern Poland at particular stages of education

Secular Trends in the Anthropometry of Adolescents and College Students: Polish Perspective

Short‐term secular variation in menarche and blood lead concentration in school girls in the copper basin of southwestern poland: 1995 and 2007

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