Anthropometric assessment of 10-y changes in body composition in the elderly

Hughes, Virginia; Roubenoff, Ronenn; Wood, Michael; Frontera, Walter R.; Evans, William J.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.2.475

Cited by 300 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Several studies showed age-related decline in height, probably because of spinal deformity with thinning of the inter-vertebral discs as well as loss of vertebral body height due to osteoporosis. 17,[35][36][37] The cumulative height loss from age 30 to 70 y has been demonstrated to average about 3 cm for men and 5 cm for women; by the age 80 y it increased to 5 cm for men and 8 cm for women. 35 Substantial age-related height loss was also observed in a prospective study conducted in Elderly European born in 1913-1918.…”

Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

et al. 2005

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Obesity prevalence is growing progressively even among older age groups. Controversy exists about the potential harms of obesity in the elderly. Debate persists about the relation between obesity in old age and total or disease-specific mortality, the definition of obesity in the elderly, its clinical relevance, and about the need for its treatment. Knowledge of age-related body composition and fat distribution changes will help us to better understand the relationships between obesity, morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Review of the literature supports that central fat and relative loss of fat-free mass may become relatively more important than BMI in determining the health risk associated with obesity in older ages. Weight gain or fat redistribution in older age may still confer adverse health risks (for earlier mortality, comorbidities conferring independent adverse health risks, or for functional decline). Evaluation of comorbidity and weight history should be performed in the elderly in order to generate a comprehensive assessment of the potential adverse health effects of overweight or obesity. The risks of obesity in the elderly have been underestimated by a number of confounders such as survival effect, competing mortalities, relatively shortened life expectancy in older persons, smoking, weight change and unintentional weight loss. Identification of elderly subjects with sarcopenic obesity is probably clinically relevant, but the definition of sarcopenic obesity, the benefits of its clinical identification, as well as its relation to clinical consequences require further study. Studies on the effect of voluntary weight loss in the elderly are scarce, but they suggest that even small amounts of weight loss (between 5-10% of initial body weight) may be beneficial. In older as well as in younger adults, voluntary weight loss may help to prevent the adverse health consequences of obesity.

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Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

et al. 2005

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“…Nossos achados estão de acordo com estudos prévios que tem demonstrado mudanças relacionadas à idade que contribuem para alterações na composição corporal, tais como aumento da massa gorda (MG) e diminuição da massa magra (MM) e perda de altura causada pela compressão dos corpos vertebrais e cifose 16,17 . No entanto, as alterações observadas no presente estudo ocorreram indepedentes do avanço da idade, demonstrando o efeito da atividade sistematizada realizada durante 12 semanas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Modificações no índice de massa corporal em mulheres idosas após um programa de reabilitação física

Gomes

Perrier-Melo

Filho

et al. 2015

Rev. Ter. Ocup. Univ. São Paulo (Online)

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Brito-Gomes JL, Perrier-Melo RJ, Lucena Filho A, Santos MAM, Costa MC, Guimarães FJSP. Modifi cações no índice de massa corporal em mulheres idosas após um programa de reabilitação física. Rev Ter Ocup Univ São Paulo. 2015 jan./abr.;26(1):146-52 RESUMO: O envelhecimento é um processo complexo, cujas alterações determinam mudanças estruturais e funcionais no corpo humano. Este estudo tem por objetivos: analisar as alterações antropométricas e da composição corporal (massa gorda e massa corporal magra) após a realização de um programa de exercícios em mulheres idosas, e verifi car o impacto destas alterações sobre os estratos Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Estudou-se 160 mulheres idosas (63,8±2,9 anos) participantes de um programa de atividades físicas sistematizadas durante doze semanas. Foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e da composição corporal antes e após o período de intervenção. O IMC foi utilizado para avaliar adequação do peso corporal e o estado nutricional. Após a intervenção foram observadas reduções signifi cantes na massa corporal total (68,2 ± 9,4 vs 67,2 ± 9,3; p<0,001), massa gorda (23,9 ± 5,3 vs 23,4 ± 5,0; p=<0,001), massa corporal magra (44,3 ± 5,2 vs 43,8 ± 5,3; p<0,001) e no IMC (21,8 ± 3,0 vs 21,4 ± 3,0; p=<0,001 ABSTRACT:The aging is a complex process, where alterations of body composition determine structural and functional changes in the human body. This study aims to analyze the anthropometric and body composition (fat mass and lean body mass) alterations after a physical rehabilitation program in elderly women, and to verify these alterations between status of BMI. The sample consisted of 160 elderly women (63.8 ± 2.9 years) engaged in a program of systematic activities for twelve weeks. Anthropometric and body composition before and after the intervention period were performed. BMI was used to evaluate body composition as well as the nutritional status. After intervention, signifi cant reductions were observed in total body mass (68.2 ± 9.4 vs 67.2 ± 9.3, p < 0.001), fat mass (23.9 ± 5.3 vs 23.4 ± 5.0, p = < 0.001) , lean body mass (44.3 ± 5.2 vs 43.8 ± 5.3, p < 0.001) and BMI (21.8 ± 3.0 vs 21.4 ± 3.0, p = < 0.001). Signifi cant differences among BMI strata were observed (p <0.001). The program brought about changes in body composition components, which involved reduction of body fat and body mass, besides contributing to the control of BMI in elderly.

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“…3 Indeed these studies have evidenced a redistribution of fat from subcutaneous to visceral depots that occurs from middle age until old ages, which leads to a preferential visceral WAT expansion during lifetime. 3,5,6 As a consequence, a relative increase in visceral fat with aging has been associated to metabolic dysfunction and related maladies. 7 However it is important to note again that WAT expansion manifests already in middle age both in human and mouse, occurring much earlier than the onset of metabolic disease.…”

Section: General Considerations About Age-dependent Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent obesity and mitochondrial dysfunction

Soro-Arnáiz

Aragonés

2017

Adipocyte

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Aging is associated with progressive visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion both in human and mouse. Importantly, WAT enlargement is initiated early in life, suggesting that molecular mechanisms underlying age-dependent obesity are activated at early stages of lifetime. Our recent study found that age-dependent obesity was associated with a specific decline in mitochondrial complex IV activity, which leads to reduced fatty acid oxidation and subsequent adipocyte hypertrophy. At the molecular level, global mitochondrial complex IV inhibition was driven by hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF1a)-mediated repression of some of its key subunits, including cytochrome c oxidase 5b (Cox5b). In this commentary, we compare age-dependent WAT responses with those observed in the high fat diet model of extreme obesity. Furthermore, we discuss the potential scenarios that could initiate age-dependent WAT expansion as well as the mechanisms by which HIF1a could be activated in WAT.

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Anthropometric assessment of 10-y changes in body composition in the elderly

Cited by 300 publications

References 31 publications

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

Modificações no índice de massa corporal em mulheres idosas após um programa de reabilitação física

Age-dependent obesity and mitochondrial dysfunction

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