Anthropometric correlation with hamstring graft size in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction among males

Abstract

Purpose Pre-operative knowledge of hamstring graft size for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) is of clinical importance and useful in making appropriate decisions about graft choice. This study investigated if there is any correlation between anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, body mass index, thigh length, and circumference with the size of hamstring tendon graft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods The anthropometric data of 50 consecutive adult males, who underwent primary ACL reconstruction using quadruple hamstring autograft, were collected prospectively. Data analysis using Pearson's correlation test was performed and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate any correlation not detected by Pearson's test and to eliminate confounders. Results Patient's height and thigh length demonstrated a positive correlation with gracilis graft length (r = .464, P = .001, r = .456, P = .001, respectively) and semitendinosus graft length (r = .541, P = 000, r = .578, P = .000, respectively). While the patient's age was the only independent factor which had a positive correlation with the quadrupled hamstring graft diameter (r = .412, P = .004), multiple regression analysis showed abdominal girth had a significant negative correlation with gracilis (P = .04) and semitendinosus (P = .006) graft thickness. Conclusion This study demonstrated that some anthropometric measurements had a positive correlation with the hamstring graft length and diameter in male patients. Hence, these results provide preliminary support for the use of some anthropometric measurements in the preoperative planning and prediction of the hamstring graft length and diameter in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Quadrupled Hamstring Graft Diameter Adequacy in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Patient Anthropometry: A Prospective Cohort Study in Indian Males

“…It has previously been shown that the graft diameter is not related to BMI, as demonstrated in multiple separate studies [ 18 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 27 ]. Our analysis exhibits a similar finding regarding BMI.…”

“…Similarly, our study found no statistically significant correlation between age and graft diameter, as has also been demonstrated before [ 18 - 21 , 24 , 26 ]. Although a study by Moghamis et al, in contrast, reported a moderately significant positive correlation between age and the harvested graft diameter, there was no correlation with height or BMI [ 23 ].…”

“…It is, therefore, imperative to devise methods to predict the potential size of quadrupled hamstring autograft to be harvested intraoperatively. Several studies have attempted to address this by testing the relationship between various anthropometric parameters and the graft diameter, but no consensus has been achieved [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Moreover, only a few studies have been undertaken to study this relationship in the Asian population, let alone in India.…”

“Y” Graft Double Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

“…Another limitation is that at least in one of five patients, the length of ST tendon, may be inadequate to be used alone as a four-strand graft (especially in females). 20 , 21 In order to ensure more intratunnel graft length, tripling the ST and gracilis harvesting should be considered.…”

Effect of Leg Dominance on Medium- to Long-Term Functional Outcomes, Quality of Life, and Revision Rates After Isolated ACL Reconstruction

“…A standard guide (Smith & Nephew) was used in the measurement of the graft diameter (the smallest calibrated size through which the graft could pass). 12 An endobutton (Endobutton CL Ultra; Smith & Nephew) was used for femoral fixation. Tibial fixation was achieved using an appropriately sized bioabsorbable screw (Biosure HA; Smith & Nephew) and a staple (Smith & Nephew) when the knee was in full extension.…”