Anthropometry of U.S. Infants and Children

Snyder, Richard G.; Spencer, Martha L.; Owings, Clyde L.; Schneider, Lawrence W.

doi:10.4271/750423

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The overall dimension of robot HBS-1 is 120 cmˆ33 cmˆ14 cm in height, width and breadth, respectively, to match an average seven-year-old boy closely [71]. HBS-1 weighs~5 kg and consists of two 4 DOF legs, a 2 DOF waist, two 4 DOF arms, two 15 DOF hands and a 3 DOF head (2 DOF neck + 1 DOF jaw), as seen in Figure 2.…”

Section: Mechanical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The arm length of HBS-1 is 41 cm, matching the arm length of a seven-year-old boy [71]. Two servos are placed at the shoulder to mimic the human shoulder's ball joint, another at the elbow and at the wrist.…”

Section: Arm and Hand Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The legs (4 DOF each) in Figure 3d are 53 cm long, and the shins and thighs have a wall thickness of 4 mm. The crotch length of HBS-1 is 58 cm, measured from the top of the thigh servo bracket to the floor, and its feet are 19 cm long and 7.5 cm wide, corresponding to a seven-year-old boy [71]. Most biped humanoid robots have 6 DOF in their legs; for example, HRP-4C [6], Mahru III [8], QRIO [12], NimbRo-OP [35] and HUBO [38].…”

Section: Leg Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HBS-1: A Modular Child-Size 3D Printed Humanoid

Larkin

Potnuru

et al. 2016

Robotics

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An affordable, highly articulated, child-size humanoid robot could potentially be used for various purposes, widening the design space of humanoids for further study. Several findings indicated that normal children and children with autism interact well with humanoids. This paper presents a child-sized humanoid robot (HBS-1) intended primarily for children's education and rehabilitation. The design approach is based on the design for manufacturing (DFM) and the design for assembly (DFA) philosophies to realize the robot fully using additive manufacturing. Most parts of the robot are fabricated with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) using rapid prototyping technology. Servomotors and shape memory alloy actuators are used as actuating mechanisms. The mechanical design, analysis and characterization of the robot are presented in both theoretical and experimental frameworks.

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Section: Mechanical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arm and Hand Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leg Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HBS-1: A Modular Child-Size 3D Printed Humanoid

Larkin

Potnuru

et al. 2016

Robotics

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“…Em relação à medida de perímetro abdominal, foi possível localizar apenas um conjunto de dados que dispunha de valores para a faixa etária de interesse 29 . Tendo em vista que a técnica de coleta dessa medida não foi idêntica àquela adotada no presente estudo, realizou-se a validação dessa técnica para que se pudesse comparar com as crianças pelotenses.…”

Section: Métodosunclassified

Baixa prevalência de déficit de peso para estatura: comparação de crianças brasileiras com e sem déficit estatural

1999

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OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre o perímetro abdominal e o índice peso para estatura em crianças, comparando as médias de índices antropométricos e de proporcionalidade corporal entre crianças pelotenses com e sem déficit linear, peruanas e norte-americanas, por faixa etária. MÉTODOS: Foram estudadas 386 crianças de 6 a 59 meses, residentes em bairro pobre de Pelotas, RS. Foram medidos e calculados 18 índices antropométricos. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Crianças com déficit linear apresentaram índices antropométricos inferiores, comparativamente àquelas sem déficit e às norte-americanas; proporcionalmente à sua estatura, maiores perímetros abdominal, cefálico e torácico. As baixas prevalências de déficit de peso para estatura não resultam de excesso de tecido adiposo ou de massa muscular e podem ser parcialmente explicadas por um aumento nas dimensões da cabeça e do tronco (inclusive do perímetro abdominal) em relação à estatura da criança.

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“…The 3-D geometry data for the osseous structures were reconstructed in 3-D using MIMICS (Version 12, Materialise Inc., Leuven, Belgium), as shown in Figure 1b. The geometries of the ligaments, cartilage, and intervertebral discs not visible in the CT images were filled in between the bony segments based on pediatric cervical anatomy [3,[12][13][14] and pediatric spinal models [7][8][9]15]. In our study, we adopted a multi-block approach to generate vertebral body meshes efficiently (ANSYS ICEM CFD/HEXA 12.0, Ansys, Canonsburg, PA, USA).…”

Section: Methdo and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Tensile Investigation of a 3-year-old Cervical Spine Finite Element Model

Wei¹,

Zhang²,

Du³

et al. 2017

dtetr

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Abstract.A 3-year-old cervical spine finite element (FE) model with detailed anatomical and material properties was developed and validated against cadaver tests under dynamic loadings. First, the bone geometry was reconstructed based on high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans, and the elastic-plastic material was defined to simulate the cortical and cancellous bones. Second, to simulate various ligament tears during dynamic tensile, ligaments failure were defined using force versus displacement curves, which had a sigmoidal shape governed by three control point. To better represent complicated structure of disc, such as nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus substrate and four pairs of reinforced fiber lamina, the intervertebral discs were defined using composite materials which combined by viscoelastic material, hill foam material and four pairs of reinforced fiber lamina, respectively. Finally, dynamic tensile experiments in C4-C5 and C0-C7 were used to validate the dynamic ultimate force and displacement of the 3-year-old cervical FE model, revealing that this FE model is capable of predicting intervertebral disc injury and ligament tear. This FE model will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying pediatric cervical injuries.

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Anthropometry of U.S. Infants and Children

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

HBS-1: A Modular Child-Size 3D Printed Humanoid

HBS-1: A Modular Child-Size 3D Printed Humanoid

Baixa prevalência de déficit de peso para estatura: comparação de crianças brasileiras com e sem déficit estatural

Development and Tensile Investigation of a 3-year-old Cervical Spine Finite Element Model

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