Anti-allergic effect of the naturally-occurring conjugated linolenic acid isomer, jacaric acid, on the activated human mast cell line-1

Abstract

Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of jacaric acid, a naturally-occurring conjugated linolenic acid isomer that can be found in jacaranda seed oil, on the activated human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1). Our previous studies have demonstrated that jacaric acid only exerted minimal, if any, cytotoxicity on normal murine cells. In the present study, jacaric acid at concentrations ≤100 µM did not exhibit direct cytotoxicity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 72 h of incubation, as determined by the MTT reduction assay. By contrast, jacaric acid could alleviate the calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-triggered allergic response in the HMC-1 cells at concentrations that were non-cytotoxic to the HMC-1 cells. Following pre-treatment with jacaric acid, the secretion of two inflammatory mediators, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and tryptase, as well as the T helper 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13] was significantly reduced in HMC-1 cells. The alleviation of allergic response was accompanied by downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteins and upregulation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein. Collectively, the results indicated that the naturally-occurring jacaric acid exhibits a suppressive effect on the allergic response in activated human mast cells in vitro, and this could not be attributed to the direct cytotoxicity of jacaric acid on the treated cells.

Rare fatty acids and lipids in plant oilseeds: occurrence and bioactivity

“…Moreover, jacaric acid was shown to markedly increase the murine peritoneal macrophages cytostatic activity on MBL-2 cell lines without being cytotoxic to the macrophages. In another study by Liu and Leung (2015b), it was also demonstrated to have anti-allergic properties when tested by in vitro on activated human mast cell lines. The suppression of the allergic response was associated with the reduction of inflammatory mediators secretion and with the modulation of the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 (decrease of their expression levels) and the metallopeptidase inhibitor TIMP-1 (increase of its expression) generally present in tissues in which inflammatory processes are active.…”

Conjugated Linolenic Acid (CLnA) vs Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA): A Comprehensive Review of Potential Advantages in Molecular Characteristics, Health Benefits, and Production Techniques

“…JA (purity >97%) has an inhibitory effect on the allergic reaction of human mast cells activated in vitro . The mechanism may involve the inhibition of β- N -acetylglucosaminidase and tryptase, as well as the T helper 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13] and the downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteins and the upregulation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein, but it has little direct relationship with cytotoxicity . On the other hand, there are relatively more reports on CLA in immunity.…”

“…141 Lewis et al 142 used the same experimental method as Bassaganya-Riera et al 107 tryptase, as well as the T helper 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13] and the downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteins and the upregulation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein, but it has little direct relationship with cytotoxicity. 143 On the other hand, there are relatively more reports on CLA in immunity. Natural CLA (cheese rich in c9, t11-CLA) has a controversial effect on human immune regulation, 200 but the 1:1 mixture of two isomers (c9, t11 and t10, c12) of CLA can improve the central nervous system autoimmunity of spontaneous mouse model of multiple sclerosis and patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by enhancing anti-inflammatory and functional signatures of circulating myoid cells.…”