Anti-angiogenic Chemotherapy in Central Nervous System Tumors

Kieran, Mark W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8871-3_19

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Currently several clinical trials are underway to measure the effectiveness of metronomic chemotherapy against many types of tumors [310][311][312][313][314]. Recently, preclinical studies using the RIP1-Tag2 mouse model of pancreatic tumorigenesis demonstrated that a combinatorial strategy involving MTD scheduling of chemotherapeutics, followed by a metronomic chemotherapy schedule coupled with anti-VEGF was most effective in treating intractable end-stage pancreatic tumors [315].…”

Section: Anti-angiogenic/low-dose/metronomic Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular regulation of tumor angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Harper

Moses

2006

Cancer: Cell Structures, Carcinogens and Genomic Instability

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Abstract. Angiogenesis, the process of new capillary formation from a pre-existing vessel plays an essential role in both embryonic and postnatal development, in the remodeling of various organ systems, and in several pathologies, particularly cancer. In the last 20 years of angiogenesis research, a variety of angiogenic regulators, both positive and negative, have been identified. The discovery of several anti-angiogenic factors has led to the development of novel cancer therapies based on targeting a tumor's vascular supply. A number of these new therapies are currently being tested in clinical trials in the U.S.A. and elsewhere. A major advance in the field of anti-angiogenic therapy occurred recently when the FDA approved Avastin (bevacizumab), the first solely anti-angiogenesis therapy approved for treatment of human cancer. While it has long been appreciated that tumor growth and progression are dependent on angiogenesis, it is only recently that progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms that regulate the earliest stage in the angiogenic program, the angiogenic switch. This checkpoint is characterized by the transition of a dormant, avascular tumor into an active, vascular one. Anti-angiogenic therapies to date have essentially been designed to suppress the neovasculature in established tumors. However, identifying the mechanisms that cause a tumor to acquire an angiogenic phenotype may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic modalities and complementary diagnostics that could be used to block the angiogenic switch, thereby preventing subsequent tumor progression. In this chapter on the role of angiogenesis in cancer, we (1) provide an overview of the process of angiogenesis with special regard to the molecules and physiological conditions that regulate this process, (2) review recent studies describing the use of anti-angiogenic approaches in the treatment of a variety of human cancers, and (3) discuss the recent literature focused on the study of the molecules and molecular mechanisms that may be regulating the initiation of the angiogenic phenotype in tumors, and the clinical impact that this knowledge may have in the future.

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Section: Anti-angiogenic/low-dose/metronomic Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular regulation of tumor angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Harper

Moses

2006

Cancer: Cell Structures, Carcinogens and Genomic Instability

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“…More than 25 different growth factors and cytokines have been identified that are able to induce angiogenesis 72 (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Mediators Of Glioma Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumour angiogenesis: Its mechanism and therapeutic implications in malignant gliomas

Wong

Prawira

Kaye

et al. 2009

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience

102

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“…38,39 Effective blockade of the VEGF pathway has been demonstrated with multiple agents: neutralizing antibody, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ribozyme or anti-sense molecules targeting expression. [40][41][42][43][44] Recent studies of the neutralizing antibody bevacizumab, and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU5416, demonstrate that, while unlikely to be effective as monotherapy, incorporation of VEGF blockade into cytotoxic regimens may increase overall response rates. However, incorporation may also produce new toxicities, including thromboembolic complications and bleeding, and there may be other effects in young children on growth and development.…”

Section: Target : Micro-environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological therapy for pediatric malignancy: Current perspectives

Agarwal

2008

Indian J Pediatr

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Biologicals are defined as agents that are either uniquely or partially tumor-specific. Great expectations were raised by the success in agents that target a specific genetic translocation: all-trans retinoic acid, targeting the chronic myeloid leukemia retinoic acid receptor in acute promyelocytic leukemia and imatinib, a small molecule targeting the BCR-ABL translocation in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Thus far, the search for similar "druggable" genetic targets in pediatric cancers has not yet resulted in such dramatic results. The rarity of pediatric cancer as well as ethical considerations necessitate that the agents for testing be carefully and rigorously selected. Biologicals present an additional challenge, as they often do not lend themselves to in vitro testing. Early approaches to specific targeting of solid tumors utilized monoclonal antibodies. The microenvironment provides an interesting new biological approach to treating tumors and alteration of the host immune response provides another avenue. Biological agents are a step forward in supportive care to reduce the hematological toxicity of high-dose chemotherapy and to manage the frequent infectious complications.

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Anti-angiogenic Chemotherapy in Central Nervous System Tumors

Cited by 20 publications

References 75 publications

Molecular regulation of tumor angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Molecular regulation of tumor angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Tumour angiogenesis: Its mechanism and therapeutic implications in malignant gliomas

Biological therapy for pediatric malignancy: Current perspectives

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