“…However, as a result of blood-brain barrier stabilization secondary to anti-angiogenic agents, contrast enhancement is no longer a reliable measure of progression. Therefore, the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) Working Group developed the RANO criteria as a means to address potential progression by non-enhancing T2/FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) lesions as well as by increases in contrast enhancement in malignant gliomas (Province, Han et al 2011). The use of anti-angiogenic agents, namely Bevacizumab, has also raised many questions about patterns of recurrence in malignant gliomas.…”