Anti‐apolipoprotein A‐1 autoantibodies as biomarker for atherosclerosis burden in patients with periodontitis

Abstract

Anti-apoA-1 IgG positivity and atherosclerosis, as reflected by abnormal ABI, were more prevalent in periodontitis patients than in age- and gender-matched controls. In younger periodontitis patients, anti-apoA-1 IgG was found to be the best predictor of atherosclerosis burden.

Analysis of matrix metalloproteinases, especially MMP‐8, in gingival crevicular fluid, mouthrinse and saliva for monitoring periodontal diseases

“…Significantly higher matrix metalloproteinase‐9 levels are found in gingival crevicular fluid and mouthrinse from patients with chronic periodontitis compared with those from patients with gingivitis and from healthy subjects; they are associated with disease severity and the levels decrease after periodontal therapy . Gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinase‐9 is also associated with the presence of specific pathogens, such as Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola , in individuals with chronic periodontitis . Furthermore, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, matrix metalloproteinase‐8, interleukin‐1beta and osteoprotegerin levels were higher in patients with progressive chronic periodontitis than in periodontally stable patients, suggesting potential diagnostic value of gingival crevicular fluid to discriminate between progressive and stable chronic periodontitis, particularly when combined with biofilm pathogens and clinical periodontal parameters .…”

Risk factors in periodontology: a conceptual framework

“…In contrast, anti‐apolipoprotein A‐1 autoantibodies can be used as predictive biomarkers when evaluating the risk of atherosclerosis in periodontal patients (Wick et al. ).…”

ApoA1 and ApoA1-specific self-antibodies in cardiovascular disease

“…In patients with periodontitis, the antibodies levels showed association with pathological ankle-brachial index (a parameter to predict the severity of peripheral arterial disease) in subjects younger than 50 years. 108 The titers of ApoA1 antibodies correlated with dialysis vintage, a major determinant of vascular calcification and cardiovascular risk in patients with kidney failure. 109 Finally, type 2 diabetic patients who were positive for ApoA1 antibodies also had significantly higher cardiovascular risk compared with ApoA1 IgG-negative diabetic subjects thereby indicating that anti-apoA-1 IgG is a cardiovascular risk biomarker in diabetic patients.…”