Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a New Synthetic Functional Oil Containing Mono- and Diacylglycerol from Corn Oil

Abstract

Synthetic oil containing diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol, called ‘functional oil’ (FO), was newly produced and evaluated for its putative anti-atherosclerotic potential by in vitro assays and in vivo test using hypercholesterolemic mice (C57BL/6). The FO revealed good inhibitory activities against both liver acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂. The FO showed enhanced activities on lipoprotein interaction such as HDL particle rearrangement to produce different sizes of HDL species. In control mice, hypercholesterolemia was induced by consumption of high-cholesterol, high-fat (HCHF) diet that contained 1.25% cholesterol/15% fat/0.5% Na-cholate with or without 5% of corn oil. In experimental mice, 5% of the FO + HCHF diet was fed during the same period. After the 4-week administration of the diet, serum total cholesterol concentration of the FO-fed group decreased by 38 or 20% when compared to the HCHF diet control group or corn oil (99.9% of triacylglycerol) diet group, respectively. The percentage of HDL cholesterol to total cholesterol was 36% of HDL cholesterol in the FO-fed group, while the HCHF control group and corn oil-fed group showed 21 and 25%, respectively. These results indicate that the FO possesses a blood cholesterol-lowering effect in mouse model and inhibition effects against the atherogenic enzymes.

Blood Lipid-Lowering and Antioxidant Effects of a Structured Lipid Containing Monoacylglyceride Enriched with Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in C57BL/6 Mice

“…In particular, Group D exhibited the smallest ratios among the experimental groups. Hepatic ACAT activity was increased as the result of the consumption of an HCHF diet, as was previously reported, 1 and groups A and B exhibited 156 Ϯ 19 and 425 Ϯ 31 pmol of CE/minute/mg of protein, respectively. The consumption of a MAG-enriched diet (Group E) caused the most profound reduction in ACAT activity, 300 Ϯ 24 pmol of CE/minute/ mg of protein, whereas Group D exhibited levels of 412 Ϯ 23 pmol of CE/minute/mg of protein.…”

“…These results are very consistent with the results of our previous report. 1 By way of comparison, our previous report described a slightly different ingredient ratio of MAG: MAG15%/DAG40%/TAG45%. However, the Group C mice, which were fed a mixture of MAG/ DAG/TAG, exhibited the highest levels of FRAP ability ( Fig.…”

“…1 The functional oil contained 15% monoacylglyceride (MAG), 40% diacylglyceride (DAG), and 45% triacylglyceride (TAG) and exhibited favorable in vitro inhibitory effects against acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 , as well as in vivo anti-atherosclerotic activity, in an experiment using C57BL/6 mice. Although the exact mechanism underlying these effects remains to be elucidated, it appears that MAG was responsible for these beneficial effects, including the antioxidant and inhibitory effects against atherogenic enzymes.…”

Comparing the crystallization and polymorphic behaviour of saturated and unsaturated monoglycerides

“…Another important application is their use as bread improvers, more specifically as improvers of the fermentation stability and as delayers of the staling of bread by complex formation with starch present in the dough (Azizi, Rajabzadeh, & Riahi, 2003;Moonen & Bas, 2004). Further applications include their use in the development of healthy spreads (Batte, Wright, Rush, Idziak, & Marangoni, 2007), as part of an anti-atherosclerotic functional oil (Cho et al, 2006) and in pharmaceutical applications, e.g. as drug delivery system, solubilizer, absorption enhancer, etc.…”

Application of camellia oil-based diacylglycerol and its solid fractions in soft ice cream

“…Diacylglycerol (DAG) is also naturally present in edible oil, and generally possesses similar organoleptic properties like regular TAGs. However, it is worth mentioning that DAG possesses different metabolic pathway from TAG, which results in reduction of body fat accumulation upon long term consumption of DAG (Cho et al, 2006). Recently, camellia oil has gained popularity as a health-promoting oil as it is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (~80%, mainly oleic acid), and contains low level of saturated fatty acids (~15%, mainly palmitic acid and stearic acid).…”