Anti-biofilm activity of caffeine against uropathogenic E. coli is mediated by curli biogenesis

Abstract

Biofilms are assemblages of sessile microorganisms that form an extracellular matrix around themselves and mediate attachment to surfaces. The major component of the extracellular matrix of Uropathogenic E. coli and other Enterobacteriaceae are curli fibers, making biofilms robust and resistant to antimicrobials. It is therefore imperative to screen antibiofilm compounds that can impair biofilm formation. In the present study, we investigated the curli-dependent antibiofilm activity of caffeine against UPEC strain CFT073 and commensal strain E. coli K-12MG1655.Caffeine significantly reduced the biofilm formation of both UPEC and E. coli K-12 by 86.58% and 91.80% respectively at 48 mM caffeine as determined by Crystal Violet assay. These results were further confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Caffeine significantly reduced the cytotoxicity and survivability of UPEC. Molecular docking analysis revealed a strong interaction between caffeine and curli regulator protein (Csg D) of E. coli. The qRT-PCR data also showed significant downregulation in the expression of CsgBA and the CsgDEFG operon at both 24 mM and 48 mM caffeine. The findings revealed that caffeine could inhibit E. coli biofilm formation by regulating curli assembly and thus may be used as an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic E. coli biofilm-related infections.

Restoring Ampicillin Sensitivity in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Following Treatment in Combination with Coffee Pulp Extracts

“…The mechanisms of action of the potent bioactive compounds of coffee-chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and caffeine - against bacteria are complex and not fully understood, but several studies suggest that they may include the following: (1) disruption of the cell membrane, leading to leakage of cell contents and ultimately cell death [ 14 , 15 , 23 , 42 ]; (2) inhibition of the formation of biofilm (bacterial communities that can form on surfaces and can be difficult to eradicate), with some bioactive compounds of coffee, such as caffeine and chlorogenic acid, inhibiting biofilm formation and reducing bacterial adhesion to surfaces [ 43 - 46 ]; and (3) modulation of gene expression, leading to changes in their behavior and bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics [ 47 , 48 ]. Overall, the mechanisms of action of the bioactive compounds of coffee against bacteria are complex and multifaceted, and further study is needed to fully understand how they work and how they can be exploited to combat bacterial infections.…”

Daya antibakteri pasta gigi yang mengandung ekstrak biji kopi robusta (Coffea canephora) terhadap Treponema denticola: eksperimental laboratoris

“…DNA yang mengalami kerusakan akan mendorong terjadinya lisis pada inti sel bakteri sehingga bakteri menjadi inaktif dan hancur. 17,25 Daya antibakteri dari senyawa ini sesuai hasil penelitian dari Rathi et al, 26 bahwa kafein mampu menghambat pembentukan biofilm Escherichia coli.…”

Analyses of the Antibiofilm Activity of o-Phenanthroline Monohydrate against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus and the Mechanisms Underlying These Effects

“…Bacterial biofilm refers to a large number of bacterial aggregation films formed by bacteria adhering to contact surfaces, secreting polysaccharide matrix, fibrin, and lipid proteins, and surrounding themselves . It is a mechanism of bacteria to adapt to the natural environment and is formed by the accumulation of microorganisms and their secretions . Biofilms provide a stable environment for bacteria to grow and protect them from antimicrobial agents, ultraviolet rays, metal toxicity, and host immunity .…”

“…1 It is a mechanism of bacteria to adapt to the natural environment and is formed by the accumulation of microorganisms and their secretions. 2 Biofilms provide a stable environment for bacteria to grow and protect them from antimicrobial agents, ultraviolet rays, metal toxicity, and host immunity. 3 The metabolism of biofilm cells differs from plankton cells, which limits contact with the deep layer of the biofilm.…”