Anti-cancer potential of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaves via the PDGFR-Rac-JNK pathway

Kim, Heon-Su; Suh, Jung-Soo; Jang, Yoon-Kwan; Ahn, Soo Whan; Ganesan, Raja; Kim, Jin‐Chul; Jung, Youngmi; Jung, Sang Hoon; Kim, Tae-Jin

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75140-3

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the presence of considerable amount of protein in the plant may be considered an avenue for building a complex compound with them embedded functional phytochemicals, some of which are thought to stop carcinogenesis through their antioxidant properties by interfering with oxidative stress signalling pathway and suppressing DNA damage. This is also in agreement with Kim et al [ 31 ] where it was pointed out that a member of Diospyros genus ( Diospyros kaki ) exhibited cell death via activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) which serve as the active binding site for membrane auto-phosphorylation. Our experimental findings support the notion that the incorporation of D. villosa protein into supplements may play a role in cancer inhibition and retrogression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cytotoxic Potential of Diospyros villosa Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts and Their Silver Nanoparticles

Adu

Naidoo

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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Diospyros villosa is traditionally used for an anti-bacterial property. Its cytotoxic effects have not been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the nutritional properties as well the cytotoxic effects of D. villosa. The leaves and stem barks were subjected to three different extraction methods (methanol, chloroform and hexane) and their nanoparticles were synthesized at two different temperatures (room temperature and at 80 °C). Thereafter, extracts were assessed using the associated AOCC protocols, for their nutritional content (moisture, fibre, proteins, lipid, ash and hydrolysable carbohydrates). Diospyros villosa extracts and their corresponding nanoparticles were then incubated overnight with cancerous and noncancerous cell lines to evaluate their cytotoxic potential. The nutritional analysis revealed that both young and mature leaves were rich sources of protein having values of 14.95% and 11.37% respectively. The moisture content was observed to be higher in all the leaf types (8.54 ± 0.75%, 9.67 ± 0.98% and 7.40 ± 0.80%) compared to the stem (2.13 ± 0.07%) respectively. The MTT cytotoxicity assay showed that the cell viability of MCF-7 cell lines was significantly lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform leaves extracts of D. villosa (IC50 of 26.64 and 26.07 µg mL−1) respectively, compared to camptothecin (36.54 µg mL−1). Similarly, the MCF-7 cell viability was observed to be significantly lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform stem extracts of D. villosa (IC50 of 24.57 and 3.92 µg mL−1), compared to camptothecin (36.54 µg mL−1). The cell viability of A549 cell lines was also found lower when exposed to the hexane and chloroform extracts (IC50 of 7.76 and 4.59 µg mL−1) compared to camptothecin (IC50 of 19.26 µg mL−1). Furthermore, the viability of A549 cell lines was found lower when exposed to hexane and chloroform stem extracts of D. villosa (IC50 of 10.67 and 5.35 µg mL−1) compared to camptothecin (19.26 µg mL−1). The biosynthesized nanoparticles further displayed an anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 4.08 µg mL−1 when compared to the control (36.54 µg mL−1). However, the HEK293 cell viability was observed to be significantly higher on exposure to hexane stem extracts of D. villosa (IC50 of 158.5 µg mL−1) compared to camptothecin (IC50 of 14.77 µg mL−1). Therefore, Diospyros villosa leaves, stem bark and nanoparticles synthesized showed high potential for being considered as a candidate for an anti-cancer regimen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Cytotoxic Potential of Diospyros villosa Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts and Their Silver Nanoparticles

Adu

Naidoo

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Persimmon leaves were reported to inhibit ROS elimination and cell proliferation. For example, ethanolic extract of PL, mainly containing flavonoids, was found to stimulate a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac) signaling cascade in live cells [ 70 ]. They also found that downstream of the PDGFR-Rac pathway, where c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is activated by this extract.…”

Section: Pharmacological Effects Of Plmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persimmon Leaves: Nutritional, Pharmaceutical, and Industrial Potential—A Review

Hossain

Shahidi

2023

Plants

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Persimmon is a delicious fruit, and its leaves are considered a valuable ingredient in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. Traditionally, persimmon leaves (PL) are used as a functional tea in Asian culture to cure different ailments, and are also incorporated into various food and cosmeceutical products as a functional ingredient. PL mainly contain flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides, along with other constituents such as carotenoids, organic acids, chlorophylls, vitamin C, and minerals. The major phenolic compounds in PL are proanthocyanidins, quercetin, isoquercetin, catechin, flavonol glucosides, and kaempferol. Meanwhile, ursolic acid, rotungenic acid, barbinervic acid, and uvaol are the principal terpenoids. These compounds demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-tyrosinase, antiallergic, and antiglaucoma properties. This review summarizes the latest information on PL, mainly distribution, traditional uses, industrial potential, and bioactive compounds, as well as their potential action mechanisms in exhibiting biological activities. In addition, the effect of seasonality and geographical locations on the content and function of these biomolecules are discussed.

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“…This effect was achieved by the higher expression of the sirtuin1/SIRT1 gene; a silent regulator of the apoptosis‐induced DNA damage (Rauf, Uddin, Patel, et al, 2017). (Kim et al, 2020; Kim et al, 2020; Kim, Shin, Seo, Noh, & Roh, 2020) correlated this antioxidant property to persimmon fruits active ingredients “polyphenolics, tannins, and ascorbic acid” through the use of ultraviolet, fluorescence, and infrared spectrophotometry. The antioxidant capacities of active ingredients were correlated to their binding abilities during their interaction with serum albumin (Kim, Park, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Pharmacological Actions Of Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study confirmed that the ethanol extract of persimmon leaves demonstrated an ameliorative effect on hepatocellular carcinoma with poor prognosis via repressing HGF/Met signaling pathway (Ko et al, 2020). Another ancillary study reported that the same extract triggered PDGFR‐Rac‐JNK signaling axis, inducing cancer cell death (Kim, Suh, et al, 2020).…”

Section: Pharmacological Actions Of Dsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling major ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Diospyros in context to its chemical diversity: A comprehensive overview

Fareed

El‐Kersh

Youssef

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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Diospyros species (DS), “Ebenaceae,” were known for their therapeutic uses in folk medicine since days of yore. Thereafter, scientific evidence related their health benefits to a myriad of chemical classes, for instance, naphthoquinones, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, norbergenin derivatives, sterols, secoiridoids, sesquiterpenes, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carotenoids. The available literature showed that more than 200 compounds were isolated and identified via spectroscopic techniques. Many pharmacological activities of DS have been previously described, such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antifungal, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and cosmeceutical, investigated, and confirmed through versatile in vitro and in vivo assays. Previous studies proved that genus Diospyros is a rich reservoir of valuable bioactive compounds. However, further comparative studies among its different species are recommended for more precise natural source‐based drug discovery and clinical application. Accordingly, this review is to recall the chemical abundance and diversity among different members of genus Diospyros and their ethnopharmacological and pharmacological uses. Practical Applications Practically, providing sufficient background on both secondary metabolites divergence and pharmacological properties of genus Diospyros has many fruitful aspects. As demonstrated below, extracts and many isolated compounds have significant curative properties, which can lead to the discovery of pharmaceutically relevant alternative substitutes to conventional medicine. Consequently, molecular docking on various receptors can be applied. On the grounds, Naoxinqing tablets, a standardized herbal product containing D. kaki leaves extract, have been patented and recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia as an approved Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cerebro‐ and cardiovascular diseases, although the underlying mechanism remains under advisement. Moreover, the antimicrobial applications of DS are of considerable concern; since the widespread use of antibiotics resulted in different forms of bacterial resistance, hence, limiting and compromising effective treatment. In addition, as a result of contemporary rampant memory disorders, neuroprotective activities of different extracts of DS became of great emphasis.

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Anti-cancer potential of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaves via the PDGFR-Rac-JNK pathway

Cited by 17 publications

References 79 publications

Cytotoxic Potential of Diospyros villosa Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts and Their Silver Nanoparticles

Cytotoxic Potential of Diospyros villosa Leaves and Stem Bark Extracts and Their Silver Nanoparticles

Persimmon Leaves: Nutritional, Pharmaceutical, and Industrial Potential—A Review

Unveiling major ethnopharmacological aspects of genus Diospyros in context to its chemical diversity: A comprehensive overview

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