Anti-diarrhoeal activity of aqueous extract of Cochlospermum planchonii (Hook Fx. Planch) leaves in female Wistar rats

Abstract

Background: The folkloric use of Cochlospermum planchonii is yet to be substantiated with scientific evidence.Aim: The aqueous extract of C. planchonii leaves was evaluated for anti-diarrhoeal activity at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight in female Wistar rats.Setting: This research is a phytopharmacological investigation.Methods: Animal were monitored for indicators of diarrhoea in the 3 models after treatments.Results: An aqueous extract of C. planchonii leaves contained 10 secondary metabolites, with alkaloids (16.05 mg/L) occurring the most, whilst quinones (0.7 mg/L) were the least. The extract significantly (p 0.05) prolonged the onset time of diarrhoea, decreased water content, fresh weight and total number of wet faeces in a dose-dependent manner, and increased the percentage inhibition of defecation. The extract produced dose-specific changes on intestinal superoxide dismutase, glucose and reduced glutathione whereas the levels of intestinal Na+/K+-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, nitric oxide were significantly (p 0.05) increased in the castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model. The masses and volumes of intestinal fluid decreased significantly (p 0.05) whereas the inhibition of intestinal fluid content increased like those of atropine-treated diarrhoeal rats in the enteropooling model. The extract dose-dependently decreased the distance travelled by the charcoal meal and increased the intestinal nitric oxide and acetylcholinesterase in the charcoal meal transit model.Conclusion: The aqueous extract of C. planchonii leaves exhibited anti-diarrhoeal activity via anti-motility and anti-secretory means. The flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolics and saponins might have acted to enhance the activities of Na+/K+-ATPase, antioxidant enzymes, intestinal glucose levels and the neurotransmitters.

Antidiarrhoeal Studies of Methanol Leaf Extract of Cassia sieberiana Dc in Wistar Albino Rats

“…Suppression of the intestinal fluid accumulation by the extract might also suggest inhibition of gastrointestinal functions. The stimulated fluid, Na + and K + secretion induced by the castor oil was inhibited by the extract in a dose dependent manner [28]. From this study, it is possible that the extract may mediate its effect through similar mechanism.…”

In vivo antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions of Rhamnus prinoides (Rhamnaceae) leaves

“…Castor oil induces diarrhea through different mechanisms. These include blocking Na+/K + -ATPase function by lowering normal fluid absorption [ 49 ] and stimulating the release of inflammatory mediators by preventing the reabsorption of NaCl and water [ 50 ]. Both secretory and abnormal motility diarrhea are included in the castor oil-induced diarrhea model [ 51 ].…”

Chemical, Pharmacological and Computerized Molecular Analysis of Stem’s Extracts of Bauhinia scandens L. Provide Insights into the Management of Diarrheal and Microbial Infections

“…Although castor oil is extensively used in conventional and folk medicine, the molecular mechanism of ricinoleic acid is still unclear. Ricinoleic acid stimulates the Prostanoid EP3 receptor, which substantially initiates the pharmacological effects of castor oil [49]. The laxative effect of ricinoleic acid and uterine contraction is absent in mice, with no EP3 receptors.…”