Anti-Dyslipidemic Properties of Saffron: Reduction in the Associated Risks of Atherosclerosis and Insulin Resistance

Hoshyar, Reyhane; Hosseinian, Mahdiyeh; Naghandar, Majid Rajabian; Hemmati, Mina; Zarban, Asghar; Amini, Zahra; Valavi, Maryam; Beyki, Masoomeh Zare; Mehrpour, Omid

doi:10.5812/ircmj.36226

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These saffron based by-products need to be tested to assess its pharmacological applications. Bioactive compounds from petals have shown antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory [31], cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic [32], antiobesity [33], antidepressant [34], anticancer, antityrosinase properties, as well as reduce blood pressure and contractility [35]. Several phenolic compounds from saffron leaves have been identified, showing antibacterial [36,37], anticancer [30], antioxidant, and metal ion chelating activities [37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice

Khan

Muhamad

Ismail

et al. 2020

Plants

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Crocus sativus, a medicinally important herbaceous plant, has been traditionally used to cure coughs, colds, insomnia, cramps, asthma, and pain. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of saffron include its immunomodulatory and anticancer properties. The current experimental analysis was performed to explore the potential nutraceutical efficacy of corm, leaf, petal, and stigma of saffron ethanolic extracts as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antidepressant using hot plate, carrageenan-induced paw edema, capillary tube and forced swim test, respectively in mice. The results indicated that among all the extracts, stigma ethanolic extract (SEE) represented maximum latency activity (72.85%) and edema inhibition (77.33%) followed by petal ethanolic extract (PEE) with latency activity and edema inhibition of 64.06 and 70.50%, respectively. Corm ethanolic extract (CEE) and leaf ethanolic extract (LEE) displayed mild analgesic activity of 22.40% and 29.07%, respectively. Additionally, LEE (53.29%) and CEE (47.47%) exhibited mild to moderate response against inflammation. The coagulation time of SEE (101.66 s) was almost equivalent to the standard drug, aspirin (101.66 s), suggesting a strong anticoagulant effect followed by PEE (86.5 s). LEE (66.83 s) represented moderate inhibitory effect on coagulation activity while CEE (42.83 s) showed neutral effect. Additionally, PEE and SEE also expressed itself as potential antidepressants with immobility time ≤76.66 s, while CEE (96.50 s) and LEE (106.83 s) indicated moderate to mild antidepressant efficacy. Based on the in vivo activities, saffron extract, particularly SEE and PEE, can be used as a potential nutraceutical and therapeutic agent due to its significant pharmacological activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice

Khan

Muhamad

Ismail

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…There is a general consensus on the positive, supporting role of saffron, or its active constituents, in modulating serum total cholesterol, total triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (Arasteh et al, 2010;Hoshyar et al, 2016;Samarghandian, Azimi-Nezhad, & Samini, 2014;Shirali et al, 2013). In an in vitro study, crocetin decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species, free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, and increased radical scavenging activity (Xiang et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of saffron on weight and lipid profile: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and dose–response of randomized clinical trials

Rahmani

Manzari

Thompson

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Plant derivatives such as carotenoids and phytosterols enrich foods have been shown to reduce plasma triglyceride (TG), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and cholesterol concentrations. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analyses study was to investigate the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We performed a systematic electronic search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, and SCOPUS to identify RCTs and screening of relevant articles references up to October 12, 2018. There were no language restrictions. We performed this systematic review and meta‐analysis according to the Preferred Items for Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We identified and analyzed 14 eligible studies in this meta‐analysis. Our study found a significant reduction in cholesterol and TG following saffron intervention (weighted mean difference [WMD]: −6.36 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval, CI, [−10.58, −2.18] and WMD: −5.37 mg/dl, 95% CI [−10.25, −0.48], respectively). There was no significant effect on weight and LDL concentration. A meta‐regression analysis showed that long‐term saffron intervention can increase the high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. In conclusions, our study findings indicate some benefits of saffron on cholesterol, HDL, and TG compared with placebo. However, we recommend the conduct of adequately powered, high‐quality RCTs with short‐ and long‐term follow‐up, evaluating relevant clinical outcomes to allow for making definitive recommendations.

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“…They concluded that the extract of saffron petals reduced total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL and increased HDL levels and reduced leptin and insulin levels. Therefore, they concluded that saffron extract increases antioxidant levels and decreases the lipid peroxidation 74…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Investigating the effect of <em>Crocus sativus</em> L. petal hydroalcoholic extract on inflammatory and enzymatic indices resulting from alcohol use in kidney and liver of male rats</p>

Azizi

Abbasi

Mohamadpour

et al. 2019

JIR

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BackgroundStudies have shown that consumption of high levels of alcohol causes many negative effects on the liver and kidneys where antioxidant ingredients can be a proper solution to reducing the resulting damages. So, the present study investigated the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) petal with antioxidant properties on the changes in inflammatory and enzymatic indices resulting from alcohol use in the male rats’ kidney and liver.Materials and methodsAfter preparing the extract, LD50 was determined and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to specify the type and the rate of the active ingredients of the extract. Then, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups (n=6). The first group was only administered with normal saline and the second group only received ethyl alcohol 6 mL/kg/day·BW. The third and the fourth groups received ethyl alcohol 6 mL/kg/day·BW plus 167.5 and 335 mg/kg/day·BW saffron petal extract for 8 weeks. The fifth and the sixth groups received ethyl alcohol 6 mL/kg/day·BW for the first 8 weeks and were subsequently gavage fed on saffron extract for 167.5 and 335 mg/kg/day·BW, respectively, during the next 8 weeks. In the beginning and after the termination of the treatment, blood samples were collected from all rats.ResultsThe LD50 of the extract was about 670 mg/kg. The HPLC results indicated that the extract contains important antioxidant ingredients. At the end of the study, the serum concentration of the inflammatory indices, renal enzymes, and hepatic enzymes experienced a significant reduction in all of the intervened groups compared to the negative control group (minimum significant difference: P<0.05) except for the treatment group 1.ConclusionBased on the current results, the extract has a protective effect in a dosage-dependent way and greater protective roles were documented for higher dosages.

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Anti-Dyslipidemic Properties of Saffron: Reduction in the Associated Risks of Atherosclerosis and Insulin Resistance

Abstract: Background: Recently herbs considered as biological and safe agents to treat, control and prevent of many health problems such as obesity and its complications.

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice

Potential Nutraceutical Benefits of In Vivo Grown Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) As Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anticoagulant, and Antidepressant in Mice

The effect of saffron on weight and lipid profile: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and dose–response of randomized clinical trials

<p>Investigating the effect of <em>Crocus sativus</em> L. petal hydroalcoholic extract on inflammatory and enzymatic indices resulting from alcohol use in kidney and liver of male rats</p>

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