Anti-elastase, Antioxidant, Total phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Macassar Kernels (Rhus javanica L) from Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Tourism Park- Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Phytochemicals are present as important substances in natural resources and therefore, have aided in invention of the anti-oxidant, and anti-elastase properties of polyphenol compounds present in Indonesian herbs such as Macassar Kernels (Rhus javanica L). Objective: This research aimed to investigate anti-elastase, and antioxidant properties. Methods: Ethanolic extract of Rhus Leaves (RL), Rhus Stem (RS), Rhus Greenish Fruit (RGF), and Rhus Blackish-grey Fruit (RBF) were prepared individually by solvent extraction method. Anti-elastase activity was carried out with elastase from porcine pancreas. For quantitative phytochemical screening, DPPH radical scavenging assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) of Rhus javanica were estimated. Result: RS showed highest anti-elastase activity (45.30%±0.087), compared with RL (12.30%±0.004), and there were no activities in RGF and RBF. In DPPH assay, RS had lowest activity (IC50 561.05 µg/ml), compared with RBF (IC50 239.28 µg /ml), RGF (IC50 189.3I µg/ml), and RL (IC50 157.81 µg/ml). RS also has lowest FRAP activity (% inhibition = 26.60%±0.002), and TPC value (28.50±0.03 mgGAE/g dry weight). Conclusion: Test extracts showed anti-aging properties in different mechanisms. RS possessed the highest anti-elastase activity but had the weakest antioxidant activity. RS (Rhus Stem) TFC (Total Flavonoid Content) TPC (Total Phenolic Content) TPTZ (2, 4, 6-tris(2-pyridyl)-striazine) Q (Quercetin)

Evaluation of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Content And Antioxidant Activity of Rhus Vulgaris

“…It was observed that DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of the extract (1.2, 4.63, and 22.86 mg AAE/g n-hexane, acetone, and 80% aqueous methanol respectively) due to the presence of a relatively higher value of total phenol and total flavonoid contents as shown in Previous studies showed the plants of the genus Rhus used in this study, namely Rhus typhina and Rhus javanica reported. The result of Rhus typhina is much better than DPPH radicalscavenging activities reported by on the ethanol fruit extract (3.99, 6.67, and 81.86% at 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/ml, respectively) [4] and the ethanolic extracts of Rhus javanica using DPPH the IC50 values leaves (157.699), steam (561.046), greenish fruit (189.31), and blackish-grey fruit (239.276) using Gallic acid standards [18]. Our results confirm those of Odongo et al(2017) reporting substantial antioxidant activity plant parts from this species.…”

“…The methanolic extract of leaves, stem, and fruit of the Rhus pentaphylla were 71.16, 141.79, 76.88, and Rhus tripartite 64.13, 108.83, and 75.16 respectively in (mg GAE g −1 DW) [17]. On the contrary, the ethanolic extracts of Rhus javanica from leaves (51.91±0.01), steam (28.5 ± 0.03), greenish fruit (53.66 ± 0.01), and blackish-grey fruit (32.74 ± 0.03) using Gallic acid standards [18] is less than the value obtained in this study. This difference could be the difference in the species, environmental (e.g., season, temperature, light, soil), and genetic factors that determine the variation of the antioxidant activity of these compounds.…”

Antielastase Activity of Macassar Kernels (Rhus javanica) Stem Extract and Skin Elasticity Evaluation of Its Topical Gel Formulation

“…[7]. In the previous research, stem extract of Rhus javanica had the best percent inhibition of elastase activity compared to extract from leaves and fruits (greenish and blackish-grey) [8].…”

Evaluation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid contents, and Antioxidant activity of Rhus vulgaris leaves extracts

“…The methanolic extracts of leaves, stem, and fruit of the Rhus pentaphylla were 71.16, 141.79, 76.88, and Rhus tripartite 64.13, 108.83, and 75.16, respectively in (mg GAE g − 1 DW) [32]. Another report also revealed an evaluation of total phenolic contents in ethanolic extracts of Rhus javanica from leaves (51.91 0.01), steam (28.5 ± 0.03), greenish fruit (53.66 ± 0.01), and blackish-grey fruit (32.74 ± 0.03) using Gallic acid standards [33] all reports were less than the value obtained in this study. This difference could be the difference in the species, environmental (e.g., season, temperature, light, soil), and genetic factors that determine the variation of the antioxidant activity of these compounds.…”