Anti-HCV prevalence and risk factor-based screening for hepatitis C in pregnant women and their partners in Sweden

Millbourn, Charlotta; Lybeck, Charlotte; Einberg, Afrodite Psaros; Nordin, Margareta; Lindh, Gudrun; Hökeberg, Ingegerd; Fredlund, Hans; Fischler, Björn; Fadl, Helena; Duberg, Ann Sofi; Lindahl, Karin

doi:10.1080/23744235.2020.1784456

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The seroprevalence of 1.33% for anti HCV antibodies reported in this study is higher than those reported among pregnant women in some parts of Iran, 0.98% in Malekan (northwest of Iran) [21] and 0.2% in Lorestan (west of Iran) [22]. The anti-HCV seroprevalence reported in the present study is also higher than those reported among pregnant women in Sweden (0.6%) [23], Central Sudan (0.6%) [24], Tanzania (0.3%) [25], Central Brazil (0.22%) [26], Saudi Arabia (0.07%) [27], Eastern Turkey (0.06%) [28], and Kurdistan Region of Iraq (0.04%) [29] but slightly lower than those of Ghana (7.7%) [30], Cameroon (1.9%) [31], Northeast Italy (1.9%) [32], Ethiopia (1.8%) [33], India (1.7%) [34], Egypt (1.7%) [35], Pakistan (1.42%) [36], and Nigeria (1.39%) [37]. These variations in the prevalence of HCV infection might be due to differences in HCV epidemiological patterns, risk factors, the routes of transmission, and general health status in different regions of the world.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence and Predominant Genotype of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Iran

Farshadpour

Taherkhani

Bakhtiari

2021

BioMed Research International

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Objective. Knowledge regarding the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among pregnant women can give clue to health care providers regarding the appropriate management of HCV infection. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence, genotypic pattern, and risk factors of HCV infection among pregnant women in the northern shores of the Persian Gulf, south of Iran. Methods. From January 2018 to June 2019, serum samples were obtained from 1425 pregnant women, ages ranging from 14 to 46 years ( 28.1 ± 5.99 ). Serum samples were tested for detection of anti-HCV antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (HCV Ab ELISA kit, Dia.Pro, Milan, Italy). Following the extraction of nucleic acid, the molecular evaluation of HCV infection was performed by seminested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR), targeting the 5 ′ untranslated region (5 ′ UTR) and core of HCV genome and sequencing. Results. Of the 1425 pregnant women, 19 women (1.33%, 95% CI: 0.85%–2.07%) were positive for anti-HCV antibodies. The majority of HCV-seropositive women were in the third trimester of pregnancy, educated, and had a history of blood transfusion, abortion, surgery, or dentistry. Moreover, Arab and Fars pregnant women and those aged >39 years had the highest rate of HCV seroprevalence. Nevertheless, none of these variables were significantly associated with HCV seropositivity. In contrast, HCV seropositivity was associated with place of residency, so that residents of Khormuj city had significantly higher HCV seroprevalence compared to the residents of other cities (OR: 7.05; 95% CI: 1.75–28.39; P = 0.006 ). According to the molecular evaluation, 9 of the 19 HCV-seropositive pregnant women (47.37%) had HCV viremia with genotype 3a. Conclusion. This study reports the HCV prevalence of 1.33% for anti-HCV antibodies and 0.63% for HCV RNA among pregnant women in the south of Iran. Considering the asymptomatic nature of chronic HCV infection and the fact that vertical transmission is possible in women with detectable viremia, therefore, screening of women before pregnancy is recommended to reduce the risk of HCV infection and its complications during pregnancy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence and Predominant Genotype of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Iran

Farshadpour

Taherkhani

Bakhtiari

2021

BioMed Research International

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“…Rates of infection seen in partners of pregnant women in one Swedish cohort study also suggest a broader benefit to knowing one’s status and considering treatment. ( 85 ) Currently, treatment of HCV with DAAs is only recommended after breastfeeding is completed. The postpartum period can include loss of health insurance, and mothers may be lost to follow‐up.…”

Section: Innovations In Micro‐eliminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovations in Hepatitis C Screening and Treatment

et al. 2020

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New therapies offer hope for a cure to millions of persons living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV elimination is a global goal that will be difficult to achieve using the traditional paradigms of diagnosis and care. The current standard has evolved toward universal HCV screening and treatment, to achieve elimination goals. There are several steps between HCV diagnosis and cure with major barriers along the way. Innovative models of care can address barriers to better serve hardly reached populations and scale national efforts in the United States and abroad. Herein, we highlight innovative models of HCV care that aid in our progress toward HCV elimination.

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“…The proportion of people previously diagnosed is based on cases notified to the PHA and previous publications 1 ; however, this estimate has not been assessed by any recent general population studies. One study among pregnant women and their partners found that more than 83% of persons testing positive for HCV‐RNA had been previously diagnosed, and more than 50% of the diagnosed persons were previously lost to follow up 14 . In order to eliminate HCV, all previously diagnosed patients need to be rescreened or reidentified and linked to care—either in a traditional setting or in a setting in which they are already linked to care (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C elimination in Sweden: Progress, challenges and opportunities for growth in the time of COVID‐19

Blach

Blomé

Duberg

et al. 2021

Liver International

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Background & Aims In 2014, the burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Sweden was evaluated, to establish a baseline and inform public health interventions. Considering the changing landscape of HCV treatment, prevention, and care, and in light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, this analysis seeks to evaluate Sweden’s progress toward the WHO elimination targets and identify remaining barriers. Methods The data used for modeling HCV transmission and disease burden in Sweden were obtained through literature review, unpublished sources, and expert input. A dynamic Markov model was employed to forecast population sizes and incidence of HCV through 2030. Two scenarios (“2019 Base” and “WHO Targets”) were developed to evaluate Sweden’s progress toward HCV elimination. Results At the beginning of 2019, there were 29,700 (95% UI: 19,300 – 33,700) viremic infections in Sweden. Under the base scenario, Sweden would achieve and exceed the WHO targets for diagnosis, treatment, and liver‐related death. However, new infections would decrease by less than 10%, relative to 2015. Achieving all WHO targets by 2030 would require 1) expanding harm reduction programs to reach more than 90% of PWID and 2) treating 90% of HCV+ PWID engaged in harm reduction programs and ≥7% of PWID not involved in harm reduction programs, annually by 2025. Conclusions It is of utmost importance that Sweden, and all countries, find sustainability in HCV programs by broadening the setting and base of providers to provide stability and continuity of care during turbulent times.

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Anti-HCV prevalence and risk factor-based screening for hepatitis C in pregnant women and their partners in Sweden

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence and Predominant Genotype of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Iran

Prevalence and Predominant Genotype of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women in Iran

Innovations in Hepatitis C Screening and Treatment

Hepatitis C elimination in Sweden: Progress, challenges and opportunities for growth in the time of COVID‐19

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