Anti-HIV Activity of Extracts and Compounds from Algae and Cyanobacteria

Schaeffer, David J.; Krylov, Victor S

doi:10.1006/eesa.1999.1862

Cited by 281 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Both CD and IEC confirmed the presence of uronic carboxylic groups, embedded in the chiral saccharide moieties that have also been shown in other natural and cultured phototrophic biofilms (Bellezza et al 2005;Congestri et al 2006;Di Pippo et al 2009). These carboxylic groups and the presence of sulfated groups found in most CPS fractions of the isolates studied here makes them potentially useful in pharmacological applications (Schaeler and Krylov 2000;Zheng et al 2006). The location of anionic and neutral residues in the CPS and in the solubilized RPS found in the culture medium was observed in samples stained with Alcian Blue dyes and with fluorochromes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

et al. 2013

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The molecular identification of seven biofilmforming cyanobacteria and the characterization of their exopolysaccharides were made and considered in terms of potential biotechnological applications. The studied strains were isolated from phototrophic biofilms taken from various Italian sites including a wastewater treatment plant, an eroded soil, and a brackish lagoon. The polysaccharides were characterized by use of ion exchange chromatography, circular dichroism, and cytochemical stains. All strains produced exopolysaccharides with differing ratios of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties depending on the species, the polysaccharide fraction (i.e., whether capsular or released), and the ambient conditions. It was shown that the anionic nature of the exopolysaccharides was due to the presence of carboxylic and sulfated groups and is likely the main characteristic with industrial applicability. Potential biotechnological applications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

et al. 2013

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“…Reports have revealed recently that algal polysaccharides exhibited antiviral activities both in vivo and in vitro (Witvrouw and De Clercq 1997;Schaeffer and Krylov 2000;Hidari et al 2008) with an effectiveness that depends on the sugar composition, main chain length, sulfation level and sulfate pattern (Ghosh et al 2009;Jiao et al 2011). As shown in Table 1, the inhibition of influenza A/PR/8/34 virus by algal polysaccharides varied depending on the algae species.…”

Section: Anti-influenza Virus Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Properties of polysaccharides in several seaweeds from Atlantic Canada and their potential anti-influenza viral activities

Jiao

Wang

et al. 2012

J. Ocean Univ. China

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Objective: To explore the polysaccharides from selected seaweeds of Atlantic Canada and to evaluate their potential anti-influenza virus activities. Methods: Polysaccharides were isolated from several Atlantic Canadian seaweeds, including three red algae (Polysiphonia lanosa, Furcellaria lumbricalis, and Palmaria palmata), two brown algae (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus), and one green alga (Ulva lactuca) by sequential extraction with cold water, hot water, and different alkali solutions. These polysaccharides were analyzed for monosaccharide composition and other general  First author: Guangling Jiao, Ph.D candidate, Glycochemistry and glycobiology, Email: sebrina2006@gmail.com;  Corresponding author: Guangli Yu, Professor, Glycochemistry and glycobiology, E-Mail: glyu@ouc.edu.cn. chemical properties, and they were evaluated for anti-influenza virus activities. Results:Total sugar contents in these polysaccharides ranged from 15.4 % (in U. lactuca) to 91.4 % (in F. lumbricalis); sulfation level was as high as 17.6 % in a polysaccharide from U. lactuca whereas it couldn't be detected in an alikali-extract from P. palmaria. For polysaccharides extracted from red seaweeds, the main polysaccharides were sulfated agar and carrageenan for P. lanosa, F. lumbricalis, and xylans for P. palmata. In brown seaweeds, the polysaccharides mainly contained sulfated fucans, whereas the polysaccharides in green seaweeds were composed of heteroglycuronans. Screening for antiviral activity against influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) virus revealed that brown algal polysaccharides were particularly effective. Conclusion: Seaweeds from Atlantic Canada are a good source of marine polysaccharides with potential antiviral properties.

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“…The proposed mechanisms of action of these compounds are predominantly related to the "in vitro" inhibition of factors Xa and IIa mediated by antithrombin and heparin cofactor II. Besides the anticoagulant activity, some sulfated fucans possess other important pharmacological activities such as anticomplementary, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antitumoral, antiviral, antipeptic, and antiadhesive activities (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Structural and Hemostatic Activities of a Sulfated Galactofucan from the Brown Alga Spatoglossum schroederi

Rocha

Moraes

Trindade

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

146

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The brown alga Spatoglossum schroederi contains three fractions of sulfated polysaccharides. One of them was purified by acetone fractionation, ion exchange, and molecular sieving chromatography. It has a molecular size of 21.5 kDa and contains fucose, xylose, galactose, and sulfate in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5:2.0:2.0 and contains trace amounts of glucuronic acid. Chemical analyses, methylation studies, and NMR spectroscopy showed that the polysaccharide has a unique structure, composed of a central core formed mainly by 4-linked ␤-galactose units, partially sulfated at the 3-O position. Approximately 25% of these units contain branches of oligosaccharides (mostly tetrasaccharides) composed of 3-sulfated, 4-linked ␣-fucose and one or two nonsulfated, 4-linked ␤-xylose units at the reducing and nonreducing end, respectively. This sulfated galactofucan showed no anticoagulant activity on several "in vitro" assays. Nevertheless, it had a potent antithrombotic activity on an animal model of experimental venous thrombosis. This effect is time-dependent, reaching the maximum 8 h after its administration compared with the more transient action of heparin. The effect was not observed with the desulfated molecule. Furthermore, the sulfated galactofucan was 2-fold more potent than heparin in stimulating the synthesis of an antithrombotic heparan sulfate by endothelial cells. Again, this action was also abolished by desulfation of the polysaccharide. Because this sulfated galactofucan has no anticoagulant activity but strongly stimulates the synthesis of heparan sulfate by endothelial cells, we suggested that this last effect may be related to the "in vivo" antithrombotic activity of this polysaccharide. In this case the highly sulfated heparan sulfate produced by the endothelial cells is in fact the antithrombotic agent. Our results suggested that this sulfated galactofucan may have a potential application as an antithrombotic drug.

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Anti-HIV Activity of Extracts and Compounds from Algae and Cyanobacteria

Cited by 281 publications

References 94 publications

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by seven biofilm-forming cyanobacterial strains for biotechnological applications

Properties of polysaccharides in several seaweeds from Atlantic Canada and their potential anti-influenza viral activities

Structural and Hemostatic Activities of a Sulfated Galactofucan from the Brown Alga Spatoglossum schroederi

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