Anti-HIV I antibodies prevalence in parturients through newborn testing: Results of the Italian anonymous serosurvey

Stegagno, M; Ippolito, Giuseppe; Costa, Francesco; Aebischer, M. L.; Guzzanti, Elio

doi:10.1007/bf00157402

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The prevalence of HIV among women of child‐bearing age in Europe is rising, with heterosexual transmission becoming the predominant route of infection for women. HIV seroprevalence among pregnant women in Europe (assessed by unlinked anonymous serosurveys) varies both within and between countries, generally being higher in urban than in rural areas, with prevalences in Madrid, Paris, London and Rome ranging from 1.52 to 5.56 per 1000 (Delgado‐Iribarren et al 1992; Stegagno et al 1993; World Health Organization/EC Collaborating Centre on AIDS 1994a, b; The Unlinked Anonymous HIV Surveys Steering Group 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Collaborative Study: clinical and immunological characteristics of HIV 1‐infected pregnant women

Thorne¹,

Newell²,

Dunn³

et al. 1995

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

diagnosis of HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled in the European Collaborative Study. Study on children born to HIV-infected women. Objective To describe the changing clinical and immunological characteristics and timing of Design A prospective study of the mothers of children enrolled in the European CollaborativeSetting Twenty-one European centres in seven countries.Subjects One thousand six hundred and ninety HIV-infected women and their 1754 deliveries. ResultsThe proportion of women in whom HIV infection had been diagnosed before pregnancy increased significantly over time, from 7 % in 1984-1985 to 65% in 1994 (P c 0.001). The prevalence of breastfeeding, which was related to the timing of diagnosis, significantly declined over the study period. The mean CD4 count was 510 cells/mm3, and there was a significant decline in average CD4 count over the study period. Black women had a significantly lower CD4 count than white women. From survival analysis it is estimated that five years after delivery 14% of women will have died and 24% will have developed CDC stage IV disease.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Collaborative Study: clinical and immunological characteristics of HIV 1‐infected pregnant women

Thorne¹,

Newell²,

Dunn³

et al. 1995

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Women and Power

Sherr

1996

AIDS Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV and AIDS in wornen has ernerged differently frorn that in other groups. This is not surprising given the established roles of women and the complexities of gender issues within societal structures. What is surprising is the length of time it took to understand and acknowledge this and the fact that despite the fact that HIV infection was present and prevalent in women from the start of the epidemic, the study and focus for this group emerged late in the day and only after concerted political effort and attention. Nakajima and Rubin (1991) carried out a review of HIV related studies in three leading journals over a time period of six years. They identified studies exploring psychosocial ramifications of HIV on a total sampie of just under two and a half thousand individuals, yet only 13 subjects (0.5%) mentioned in all these studies were women.Mann (1995) notes how HIV shows a trend ofinevitable gravitation towards vulnerability. To what extent are women vulnerable and are pregnant women more so? With this vulnerability analysis in mind it is of interest to explore the way in which the epidemic has focused on women generally and on pregnant women particularly. The literature abounds with caUs for empowerment ofwomen. The problem with such a notion is that the concept of empowering presumes a passivity of women who need "power" and a corresponding active role for those who will provide the power. This has forrned the central c\amour in the evolving provision for women and requires some pause for thought. HIV, like any disease, brings in its wake an exposure of disease context. This reveals how women function within a society and how society responds to them. One of the problems of maintaining the caU for empowerment means that it imposes a male response onto wornen. Indeed the constant description in the literature on the extent to which women lack power is in itself demeaning and may endorse and perpetuate the imbalance they describe (Sherr 1995). A more useful analysis is one which attempts to understand the differences in reaction, interpret these and perhaps learn from the female response and highlight the positive aspect of female expression and reaction to the HIV epidemic. Such an analysis provides a revealing data set, which may weil help to relabel the notions ofpower. Wornen are less Iikely than men to abandon an HIV positive partner (Worth AIDS Education, edited by Schenker et al.

show abstract