Anti-hyperglycemic Activity of Chromium(III) Malate Complex in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The synthesis, characterization, anti-hyperglycemic activity, oxidative DNA damage capacity, and acute toxicity of chromium(III) malate complex [Cr2(LMA)3] were described. [Cr2(LMA)3] was synthesized in a single-step reaction by chelating chromium(III) with L-malic acid in aqueous solution. Based on elemental analysis, thermodynamic analysis, and spectroscopy studies, the molecular formula of [Cr2(LMA)3] was inferred as Cr2(C4H4O5)3·5H2O. Daily treatment with 2.85-17.10 mg/kg body mass of [Cr2(LMA)3] in alloxan-induced diabetic rats for 2 weeks indicated that low-molecular-weight organic chromium complex [Cr2(LMA)3] had better bioavailability and more beneficial influences on the improvement of controlling blood glucose, serum lipid, and liver glycogen levels compared with CrCl3·6H2O. [Cr2(LMA)3] did not cause oxidative DNA damage under physiologically relevant conditions. Acute toxicity studies revealed no-measurable toxicity of the [Cr2(LMA)3]. Collectively, these results suggest that [Cr2(LMA)3] may represent a novel, proper chromium supplement with potential therapeutic value to control blood glucose and serum lipid in diabetes.

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

“…Glycogen content decreased significantly in diabetic animals, which was reversed following chromium administration. These results are in agreement with earlier studies where it was reported that lowering of blood glucose levels was accompanied by increased liver glycogen levels after chromium supplementation [52,53]. Moreover, the activities of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase have been observed to be affected by chromium [52].…”

Effects of chromium malate on glycometabolism, glycometabolism‐related enzyme levels and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats: A dose–response and curative effects study

“…The Vista‐MPX Simultaneous Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) method (Varian, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) was used to measure Cr content in the serum and organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain) of rats. Cr was determined after wet digestion according to the method described by Wu et al . and Sereshti et al .…”

“…measure Cr content in the serum and organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain) of rats. Cr was determined after wet digestion according to the method described by Wu et al 24 and Sereshti et al 29 The serum and organs of rats were joined in nitric acid and perchloric acid (1:4, v/v) to digestion.…”

Spectroscopic and calorimetric investigation of interaction of chromium(III) malate complex with human serum albumin and apo-transferrin

“…CrLMA (chemical formula C^C^C^-S^O ) was synthesized and the physicochemical charac teristics determined according to the previous study [10]. The elemental Cr content of CrL MA was determined to be 17.6% using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method (TAS-986, Purkinje General Instru ment Co., Ltd, Beijing, China).…”

“…L-malic acid is a natural organic acid, which has been reported to possess enhancement for mitochondrial respiration, natural anti oxidant and carboxylate metabolism [9], etc. Previous studies have reported that the novel Cr(III) malate complex (CrLMA) exhibited potential therapeutic activity to control blood glucose in diabetes but did not produce any hazardous symptoms and adverse effects in acute and subacute oral toxicity test [10,11,12]. Thus, CrLMA has a potential applica tion for being the functional component of anti-diabetic functional foods or a nutrient supplement.…”