Anti-Hyperuricemic Effects of Extracts from Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai Fruits on Hyperuricemic Rats

Abstract

Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa) fruit has medicinal and food applications and exhibits beneficial pharmacological properties. This study aimed to explore the hypouricemic effect of C. speciosa fruit extracts on hyperuricemic rats and uncover potential protective mechanisms. The rats were given hypoxanthine (HX, 100 mg/kg) and potassium oxonate (PO, 300 mg/kg) for 14 days to induce hyperuricemia. Subsequently, the rats were orally administered C. speciosa fruits total extract (CSFTE, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) and allopurinol (AP, 10 mg/kg) one hour after exposure to HX and PO. The results showed that CSFTE had significant xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 value of 334.2 μg/mL) and exhibited hypouricemic effects in vivo, reducing uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in serum. CSFTE increased UA excretion through the regulation of URAT1, GLUT9, OAT1, and OAT3 protein expression in the kidneys of hyperuricemic rats. Additionally, CSFTE (500 and 1000 mg/kg) was more effective than AP in improving renal injury and protecting kidney function in hyperuricemic rats. Our study demonstrated that CSFTE effectively reduced UA levels and protected the kidneys by inhibiting XOD expression in vitro and regulating UA, CRE, BUN, URAT1, GLUT9, OAT1, and OAT3 proteins in vivo.

Polysaccharide-Based Micro/Nanomotors for Active Ingredient Delivery in Food

“…Uric acid levels often rise when renal function declines; therefore, it is considered an important indicator for evaluating kidney function impairment . High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is mainly synthesized by the liver, promoting the reverse transport of cholesterol, carrying excess cholesterol and waste from the blood and tissues to the liver for breakdown and excretion from the body.…”

Recent Advances in Polysaccharides from Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai.: Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Health Benefits, and Applications

“…C. speciosa is a nutritious and beneficial fruit, as well as an important TCM [88]. In recent years, various extraction and purification methods have been used for C. speciosa polysaccharides, and their structures have been characterized by advanced technologies such as NMR, HPLC, and GC-MS. Biologically active substances found in plants may offer health benefits to humans [89].…”

Antidepressant-like Effects of Chinese Quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) Fruit Based on In Vivo and Molecular Docking Studies

“…Recently, a randomized clinical trial demonstrated that quince syrup significantly improved the condition of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, whether in children or during pregnancy [ 12 , 13 ]. Several previous preclinical studies have shown that C. sinensis fruits exhibit anti-obesity [ 11 ], anti-inflammatory [ 14 ], antioxidant [ 15 ], anti-ulcerative colitis [ 16 ], anti-osteoarthritis [ 17 ], anti-hyperuricemic [ 18 ], anti-diabetic, including antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic [ 19 ], and anti-aging [ 20 ] activities. These beneficial activities are mainly attributed to polyphenols, including phenolic acids, coumarins, and lignans from C. sinensis fruits [ 21 ].…”