Anti-icing is crucial for transmission conductors to avoid long-term power outages caused by severe icing climates. Here, superhydrophobic aluminum conductors with composite honeycomb nanopore structures were prepared by the twice-anodic oxidation method. Effects of the anodized current density on the surface morphology, structure, hydrophobicity, and anti-icing performance were experimentally studied. As the current density increases, the film thickness of the lower layer of a small nanopore structure increases, while the dissolution effect on the upper layer of a large nanopore structure is strengthened. Also, the composite nanopore structure exists in the damaged condition and has a rougher surface at the micron level. By comparing the surface wettability and anti-icing performance of all samples, the sample under the current density of 0.01875A/cm2 showed the optimal anti-icing properties, including a contact angle (CA) of 168°, the ice adhesion force of 4.87 kPa, and the longest frost formation time. The good anti-icing performance makes the anodized aluminum of composite nanopore structures a satisfactory candidate for improving their anti-icing behavior in the industry.