Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Carthamus tinctorious Seed Extracts in Raw 264.7 cells

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammation effect of extract of Carthamus tinctorious seed, on skin obtained from Gyeong buk, Korea. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) involved in immunological activity of Raw 264.7 cells. Tested cells were pretreated with 70% ethanol extracted of Carthamus tinctorious seed and further cultured for an appropriated time after the addition of lipopolyssacharide (LPS). During the entire experimental period, 5, 10, 25 and 50 µg/ml of Carthamus tinctorious seed showed no cytotoxicity. In these concentrations, ethyl acetate layer of ethanol extracted Carthamus tinctorius seed (CT-E/E) inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necorsis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). At a 50 µg/ml level of CT-E/E, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2 inhibition activity were shown 60%, 38%, and 42%, respectively. In addition, CT-E/E reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1β and IL-6. These results suggest that Carthamus tinctorious seed extracts may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent due to the significant effects on inflammatory factors.Key words : Anti-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), PGE2, cytokines, Carthamus tinctorious seed *Corresponding author *Tel：+82-53-810-0320, Fax：+82-53-801-0399 *E-mail : bio115@kotmin.kr This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Hizikia fusiformis Extracts Fermented with Lactobacillus casei in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages

“…NO는 L-arginine을 기질로 하여 NOS에 의해서 합성되며 NO 가 과량으로 생성되면 염증 반응을 촉진시키고 조직 및 신경 을 손상시키는 것으로 알려져 있다 [14]. 발효톳 추출물의 NO 생성억제 활성을 알아보기 위해 RAW 264.7세포에서 LPS로 자극을 유도하고 시료를 농도별 (10, 100, 500 µg/mL) 로 처리하여 24시간 후 NO 생성량을 측정하였다 (Fig.…”

Serotonins of safflower seeds play a key role in anti-inflammatory effect in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

“…We previously demonstrated that the EtOAc fraction of Carthamus tinctorius seeds generated the highest inhibitory effect of inflammation among various extraction buffers, including 70% EtOH, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butyl alcohol (Kim et al 2013). In this study, partially purified EtOAc seed extract was further fractionated and major peaks were isolated using a modified method described by Kim et al (2012).…”

“…NO liberated from RAW 264.7 macrophages was measured using a Griess assay according to the method described by Kim et al (Kim et al 2013). The medium was subsequently mixed with an equal volume of Griess reagent (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), after which the amount of NO was quantified by measuring the absorbance at 540 nm using a microplate reader and comparing the values to a sodium nitrite standard curve.…”

“…Roh et al report is pretty much the only research paper about a whitening effect using safflower (C. tinctorius L.) seeds (Roh et al 2004). We previously reported that the partially purified ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fraction of C. tinctorius seeds showed inhibition of cytokine, iNOS and COX-2 expression (Kim et al 2013). Further, we purified and identified four major chemicals from seed extract and explored their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro.…”

Screening for Anti-inflammatory Activities in Extracts from Korean Herb Medicines

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