Anti-inflammatory Activity of Herbal Medicines: Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Secretion in an Activated Macrophage-like Cell Line

Park, Eunkyue; Kum, Susan S.; Wang, Chuanhua; Park, Seung Yong; Kim, Bo Sook; Schuller‐Levis, Georgia

doi:10.1142/s0192415x05003028

Cited by 122 publications

(82 citation statements)

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confidence: 91%

“…(Caprifoliaceae) is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine in China. 1,2) We found that L. japonica produced in Henan and Shandong Provinces has the most potent anti-inflammatory effect.3) The herbs grown in these two provinces are recognized as geo-authentic and possess a higher content of therapeutically effective components in the flowers.4) The ecological factors for the cultivation of geo-authentic L. japonica have been studied.5) We attempted to classify the geo-authentic L. japonica by microscopic and chemical characteristics, but because these factors are not well-established, it was difficult to identify specific criteria to distinguish the geo-and non-authentic varieties of L. japonica. …”

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Discrimination of Lonicera japonica THUNB. from Different Geographical Origins Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Wang

Ding

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Lonicera japonica THUNB. (Caprifoliaceae) is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory herbal medicine in China. 1,2) We found that L. japonica produced in Henan and Shandong Provinces has the most potent anti-inflammatory effect.3) The herbs grown in these two provinces are recognized as geo-authentic and possess a higher content of therapeutically effective components in the flowers.4) The ecological factors for the cultivation of geo-authentic L. japonica have been studied.5) We attempted to classify the geo-authentic L. japonica by microscopic and chemical characteristics, but because these factors are not well-established, it was difficult to identify specific criteria to distinguish the geo-and non-authentic varieties of L. japonica. 6)Standardization of herbal products is important for safe and effective use. 7) Because herbal medicines are extracted from raw botanical materials, control of the sources of botanical material is the first step in quality assurance of herbal medicines. 8,9) Recent developments in biological techniques, such as molecular genetic markers, allow for the identification of plant species through the detection of species-specific alleles. Compared to chemical constituents, genomic characters are stable for a certain plant species or population, and can be used as a marker for the discrimination of plant species or populations. 10) Our group has established speciesspecific PCR and PCR-RFLP methods to classify Fritillaria cihhosa and Fritillaria pallidiflora.11,12) However, authentication of the geographic origin of plants is difficult with molecular methods, because distinguishing sites in DNA sequences are hard to find.In the present study, we found that a mutation site in the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS) region from geo-authentic L. japonica can be recognized by the restriction endonuclease EcoN I. Since the PCR products from geo-authentic L. japonica cannot be digested completely and some PCR products from non-geo-authentic L. japonica can be digested partially, a quantitative PCR-RFLP method to discriminate between the two populations is developed. The cleavage rate of PCR products by EcoN I was determined and correlated remarkably with the geographical origin of L. japonica. This method has been used successfully in distinguishing commercial herbs. (Fig. 1). The flowers of L. hypoglauca (L2002028) were collected in Jiujian, Jiangxi Prov.; L. confuse (L2002031) was collected in Xupu, Hunan Prov.; L. dasystyla (L2002034) was collected in Guilin, Guangxi Prov. Crude drugs of L. japonia were purchased from three different pharmacies in Nanjing, Jiangsu Prov. (L2002046, L2002047, L2002048), Wulong, Chongqing Prov. (L2002049) and Guiyang, Guizhou Prov. (L2002050). Each specimen was morphologically identified by the authors and voucher specimens were deposited in the University Herbarium at the China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialsPCR Amplification and Sequence Determination of nrDNA ITS Region Three fresh ...

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confidence: 99%

Discrimination of Lonicera japonica THUNB. from Different Geographical Origins Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Wang

Ding

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…5) In experimental studies, H. cordata exhibited antibacterial activity, antileukemic activity, antiinflammatory activity, anaphylactic reaction and mast cell activation, and modulated nitric oxide (NO) production. [6][7][8][9][10] However, to date, studies to understand the other antibacterial effects, including the intracellularly replicating pathogens of these plants, are lacking.The mammalian immune response is divided broadly into the innate and adaptive responses. Innate immune responses of mammals involve the first line of defense against invading microorganisms, including the release of antimicrobial peptides at epithelial surfaces, phagocytosis, and intracellular killing of microorganisms by phagocytes and the activation of the complement cascade.…”

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Biological and Antibacterial Activities of the Natural Herb <i>Houttuynia cordata</i> Water Extract against the Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen <i>Salmonella</i> within the RAW 264.7 Macrophage

Kim

Lim

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Houttuynia cordata has a long history of use in indigenous systems of medicine as an antiseptic, febrifuge, diuretic, and deobstruant. It is frequently used in many traditional medicines for its antimicrobial, antiviral, and antiinflammatory properties. [1][2][3][4] H. cordata contains of methyl nonyl ketone, caryophyllene, bornyl acetate, a-pinene, b-pinene, limonene, and other components. These components have antibacterial properties against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina ureae. 5) In experimental studies, H. cordata exhibited antibacterial activity, antileukemic activity, antiinflammatory activity, anaphylactic reaction and mast cell activation, and modulated nitric oxide (NO) production. [6][7][8][9][10] However, to date, studies to understand the other antibacterial effects, including the intracellularly replicating pathogens of these plants, are lacking.The mammalian immune response is divided broadly into the innate and adaptive responses. Innate immune responses of mammals involve the first line of defense against invading microorganisms, including the release of antimicrobial peptides at epithelial surfaces, phagocytosis, and intracellular killing of microorganisms by phagocytes and the activation of the complement cascade. In contrast, the adaptive immune response is antigen specific and modified by previous antigen exposure. 11) In the innate immune response, the reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) such as superoxide and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs) such as NO have a key role in intracellular killing of microorganisms within phagocytes. 12)Several studies reported that RNIs are important for controlling Salmonella multiplication within macrophages. 13,14)Salmonellosis is a major bacterial zoonosis that causes a variety of disease syndromes, from self-limiting enteritis to fatal infection in animals and food-borne infection and typhoid fever in humans.15) The etiologic agents of salmonellosis are Salmonella sp. characterized by motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria and facultative intracellular pathogens that can multiply within professional and nonprofessional phagocytes. Recently, the emergence of multidrugresistant strains of Salmonella sp. has caused more serious problems in public health.16) Multidrug resistance is a worldwide problem that does not recognize international borders and can indiscriminately affect the treatment and prevention of various diseases.To kill intracellular bacteria including Salmonella sp., Brucella sp., Listeria sp., Shigella sp., etc., much effort is needed to develop antibiotics, determine treatment duration, and resolve other issues.In this study, we examined the antibacterial effects, and macrophage activation of H. cordata water extract (HCWE) such as morphologic changes, NO production, phagocytic activity, and effects against the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in vitro and in vivo. Salmonellosis is a major bacterial zoonosis that causes a variety of disease syndromes, from self-limiting enteritis to fatal infec...

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“…The intrinsic pathway involves the signals to mitochondria, which lead to the release of cytochrome c, Apaf-1, AIF and pro-caspase-9, and then combine with Apaf-1 and pro-caspase-9 to form the apoptosome (11,13,14). Park et al demonstrated that HCT inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose-dependent manner, but minimally inhibited TNF-· secretion at 0.0625 and 0.125 mg/ml on macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7 cells) (37).…”

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confidence: 99%

Houttuynia cordata Thunb extract induces apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathway in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells

Tang

Yang²,

Lin³

et al. 2009

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT) extract has been used as a traditional Chinese herb medicine and as well as an effective drug for treating allergic inflammation for thousands of years. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of HCT and its molecular mechanisms in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. HCT inhibited HT-29 cell viability in a dose-and time-dependent manner by MTT assay. Treatment with 450 μg/ml of HCT for 48 and 72 h led to DNA damage and apoptosis by DAPI staining and comet assay. HCT increased reactive oxygen species production and decreased the levels of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) in HT-29 cells by flow cytometry analysis. HCT caused the release of cytochrome c, Apaf-1, pro-caspase-9 and AIF from mitochondria via a decrease of the MMP. The decrease of MMP was then associated with a decrease in the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and activation of caspase-9 and -3 by Western blotting and caspase activity assay. Caspase-9 and -3 inhibitors almost completely suppressed HCT-induced caspase-9 and -3 activities. Our results demonstrated that the HCT-induced apoptosis in human colon adeno-carcinoma cell line HT-29 might be related to a mitochondrial-dependent pathway.

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Anti-inflammatory Activity of Herbal Medicines: Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Secretion in an Activated Macrophage-like Cell Line

Cited by 122 publications

References 24 publications

Discrimination of Lonicera japonica THUNB. from Different Geographical Origins Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Discrimination of Lonicera japonica THUNB. from Different Geographical Origins Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Biological and Antibacterial Activities of the Natural Herb <i>Houttuynia cordata</i> Water Extract against the Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen <i>Salmonella</i> within the RAW 264.7 Macrophage

Houttuynia cordata Thunb extract induces apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathway in HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells

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