Anti-inflammatory activity of Kochia scoparia fruit on contact dermatitis in mice

Abstract

Abstract. The mature fruit of Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. is widely administered in China and Korea as a medicinal herb for treatment of skin diseases, diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. The present study investigated the effects of methanol extracts of K. scoparia dried fruit (MEKS) on ear swelling, histopathological changes (such as epidermal acanthosis, spongiosis and immune cell infiltration) and cytokine production in 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis mice. Topical application of MEKS inhibited DNFB-induced ear thickness and weight increases, as well as DNFB-induced epidermal acanthosis, spongiosis and immune cell infiltration. In addition, treatment with MEKS significantly decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in inflamed tissues. These data indicate that the mature fruit of K. scoparia has the potential to be administered for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and that the anti-inflammatory action of K. scoparia is involved in the inhibition of type 1 T helper cell skewing reactions.

Current knowledge on genus Bassia All.: a comprehensive review on traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and nonmedical applications

“…The activity of extracts in contact allergic dermatitis, which can be classified as type IV hypersensitivity, has been one of the most intensively studied. External application of methanol or water extracts significantly inhibited inflammation in animal contact dermatitis models (Choi et al 2014;Jo et al 2016). Choi et al (2014), revealed that 1% water extract significantly reduced hyperplasia and thickening of the dermis and epidermis (by 35.6% and 39.2%, respectively) of mice in DNCB-induced dermatitis model compared to the animal group without treatment.…”

Inhibitory Effect of Sulfated Polysaccharide from Codium edule P.C. Silva Against 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)- Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis on Female BALB/c Mice

“…The presence of a remarkable thickened keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with severe inflammation and skin ulceration was evidently seen as hallmarks of ACD. 41 , 42 The ear tissues of mice treated with F1 showed normal cartilaginous tissue, few chronic inflammatory cells, and thickened keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with a moderate inflammation on the stroma similar to the histology of ear treated with the standard drug, prednisolone. The reduced inflammation in the elicited ears of the mice treated with F1 is attributed to the inhibition of the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ seen in the serum 24 hours post-elicitation of the contact hypersensitivity response in mice.…”

“…Furthermore, these two cytokines are also responsible for the upregulation of various chemokines leading to cellular infiltration in the inflamed area. 42 The presence of TNF-α induces the production of other chemokines which results in the recruitment of leukocytes at the site of contact. Together with TNF-α, the presence of IFN-γ indicates a Th-1 skewing reaction.…”

“…The presence of a remarkable thickened keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with severe inflammation and skin ulceration was evidently seen as hallmarks of ACD. [41][42] . The ear tissues of mice treated with F1 showed normal cartilaginous tissue, few chronic inflammatory cells, and thickened keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with a moderate inflammation on the stroma similar to the histology of ear treated with the standard drug, prednisolone.…”

The ethanol extract of Caragana sinica ameliorated skin lesions in mice with contact dermatitis

“…[10] Histopathological analysis of CD typically reveals epidermal hyperplasia, immune cell infiltration, swollen capillaries in dermis, epithelial hyperkeratosis, spongiosis, spongiotic bubbles, and numerous neutrophils in epidermis. [11] Many cytokines and chemokines are involved in triggering these changes, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN) gamma-induced protein − 10, IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor are considered to play central roles in CD progression. [12] Based on the above-mentioned background, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of C. sinica in a mouse model of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced-CD by examining skin thicknesses and weights, skin lesions, skin color, and cytokine and chemokine histopathological changes in inflamed tissues.…”