Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang Mycelium

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue and oxidative injury caused by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Studies have suggested that anti-inflammatory or antioxidant agents could be used for the treatment of ALI with a good outcome. Therefore, our study aimed to test whether the mycelium extract of Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS-1), believed to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could be used against the excessive inflammatory response associated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and to investigate its possible mechanism of action. The experimental results showed that the administration of SS-1 could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation. SS-1 could reduce the number of inflammatory cells, inhibit myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, regulate the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the signal transduction of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the lung tissue, and inhibit high mobility group box-1 protein 1 (HNGB1) activity in BALF. In addition, SS-1 could affect the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) in the lung tissue and regulate signal transduction in the KRAB-associated protein-1 (KAP1)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor Nrf2/Kelch Like ECH associated Protein 1 (Keap1) pathway. Histological results showed that administration of SS-1 prior to induction could inhibit the large-scale LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration of the lung tissue. Therefore, based on all experimental results, we propose that SS-1 exhibits a protective effect against LPS-induced ALI in mice. The mycelium of S. sanghuang can potentially be used for the treatment or prevention of inflammation-related diseases.

Cordyceps cicadae Mycelia Ameliorate Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK and Activating the HO-1/Nrf2 and Sirt-1/AMPK Pathways in Mice

“…Oxidative stress elevates the levels of reactive oxygen species, which can cause tissue injury. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a class of related enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of superoxide anions, and SOD activity has been shown to be reduced in cisplatintreated mice [25]. Administration of cisplatin reduced the activity of catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) ( Figure 5(a)), as well as reducing the antioxidative relative protein expressions of the HO-1 and Nrf2 proteins, compared with the control group ( Figure 5(b)).…”

Ginsenoside Rh2 Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Raf-1/MEK/ERK, and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Mice

“…ALI was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS (5 mg/kg; 50 μL in sterile saline), then GRh2 and Dex were injected intraperitoneally 1 h prior to LPS administration. The animals were sacrificed 6 h later and the sample was collected [ 6 ].…”

“…Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a transmembrane protein that is part of the pattern-recognition receptor for LPS from Gram-positive bacteria. TLR4 activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) to induce the production of inflammatory mediators [ 6 ]. TLR4 is a potential therapeutic marker that could be used to reduce inflammatory responses in ALI.…”

“…TLR4 is a potential therapeutic marker that could be used to reduce inflammatory responses in ALI. Moreover, the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)- protein kinase B (Akt)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is an important intracellular mediator, critical for the regulation of cell survival and proliferation [ 6 , 7 ]. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway has been implicated in the inflammatory disease, and its inhibition is an aspect of beneficial therapy.…”

Anti-inflammatory activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang by suppressing the TLR4-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR/IKKβ signaling pathway

“…A recent study reported that sanghuang has moderate pharmacological activity: it enhances immunity, antitumor, 15,16 antiinammatory, [16][17][18] antioxidant activity; [16][17][18] and hepatoprotective effects; 19 among others. According to a research report, the active compounds in the sanghuang fruiting body include polysaccharides, triterpenoids, pyran and furan ketones, and polyphenolic compounds.…”