Anti-inflammatory agents as modulators of the inflammation in adipose tissue: A systematic review

Nascimento, Sara Sayonara da Cruz; Queiroz, Jaluza Luana Carvalho de; Medeiros, Amanda Fernandes de; Nunes, Ana Clara de França; Piuvezam, Grasiela; Maciel, Bruna Leal Lima; Passos, Thaís Souza; Morais, Ana Heloneida de Araújo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0273942

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Ameliorating inflammation should accelerate wound-healing cascades, possibly reducing the growth of numerous cancerous cells. Several natural and synthetic agents have been investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity, and researchers have discovered that many compounds have such effects [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The results of previous reports have elucidated the relationship between medicinal plants and the NFκB pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Characterization, Wound Healing, and Cytotoxicity Assay of PEGylated Nanophytosomes Loaded with 6-Gingerol

et al. 2022

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Background: Nutrients are widely used for treating illnesses in traditional medicine. Ginger has long been used in folk medicine to treat motion sickness and other minor health disorders. Chronic non-healing wounds might elicit an inflammation response and cancerous mutation. Few clinical studies have investigated 6-gingerol’s wound-healing activity due to its poor pharmacokinetic properties. However, nanotechnology can deliver 6-gingerol while possibly enhancing these properties. Our study aimed to develop a nanophytosome system loaded with 6-gingerol molecules to investigate the delivery system’s influence on wound healing and anti-cancer activities. Methods: We adopted the thin-film hydration method to synthesize nanophytosomes. We used lipids in a ratio of 70:25:5 for DOPC(dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine): cholesterol: DSPE/PEG2000, respectively. We loaded the 6-gingerol molecules in a concentration of 1.67 mg/mL and achieved size reduction via the extrusion technique. We determined cytotoxicity using lung, breast, and pancreatic cancer cell lines. We performed gene expression of inflammation markers and cytokines according to international protocols. Results: The synthesized nanophytosome particle sizes were 150.16 ± 1.65, the total charge was −13.36 ± 1.266, and the polydispersity index was 0.060 ± 0.050. Transmission electron microscopy determined the synthesized particles’ spherical shape and uniform size. The encapsulation efficiency was 34.54% ± 0.035. Our biological tests showed that 6-gingerol nanophytosomes displayed selective antiproliferative activity, considerable downregulation of inflammatory markers and cytokines, and an enhanced wound-healing process. Conclusions: Our results confirm the anti-cancer activity of PEGylated nanophytosome 6-gingerol, with superior activity exhibited in accelerating wound healing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Characterization, Wound Healing, and Cytotoxicity Assay of PEGylated Nanophytosomes Loaded with 6-Gingerol

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, previous in vitro and in vivo studies sought to evaluate the putative efficacy of antioxidant drugs and bioenergetics modulators for obesity treatment [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Since the VAT samples of patients with class-2 and class-3 obesity have different bioenergetic profiles, the impact of antioxidant drugs can also be different and should be addressed in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Adipose Tissue Bioenergetics Varies According to Individuals’ Obesity Class

Topete

Andrade

Bernardino

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Obesity is associated with complex adipose tissue energy metabolism remodeling. Whether AT metabolic reprogramming differs according to body mass index (BMI) and across different obesity classes is unknown. This study’s purpose was to evaluate and compare bioenergetics and energy substrate preference of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) pertaining to individuals with obesity class 2 and class 3. VAT obtained from patients with obesity (n = 15) class 2 (n = 7; BMI 37.53 ± 0.58 kg/m2) or class 3 (n = 8; BMI 47.79 ± 1.52 kg/m2) was used to assess oxygen consumption rate (OCR) bioenergetics and mitochondrial substrate preferences. VAT of patients with obesity class 3 presented significantly higher non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption (p < 0.05). In VAT of patients with obesity class 2, inhibition of pyruvate and glutamine metabolism significantly decreased maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity (p < 0.05), while pyruvate and fatty acid metabolism inhibition, which renders glutamine the only available substrate, increased the proton leak with a protective role against oxidative stress (p < 0.05). In conclusion, VAT bioenergetics of patients with obesity class 2 depicts a greater dependence on glucose/pyruvate and glutamine metabolism, suggesting that patients within this BMI range are more likely to be responsive to interventions based on energetic substrate modulation for obesity treatment.

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“…In general, 25% of OA patients exhibited three or four additional disorders, indicating the risk for multi-morbidity in OA [5]. Since above-mentioned comorbidities are also mild chronic inflammatory diseases, an OA therapy using different anti-inflammatory drugs might reduce their symptoms as well [171][172][173][174][175] (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Mild Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Osteoarthritis

Sohn¹,

Jenei-Lanzl²

2023

Neuroimmunomodulation

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The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is a major regulatory mediator connecting the brain and the immune system that influences accordingly inflammatory processes within the entire body. In the periphery, the SNS exerts its effects mainly via its neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E), which are released by peripheral nerve endings in lymphatic organs and other tissues. Depending on their concentration, NE and E bind to specific α- and β-adrenergic receptor subtypes and can cause both pro- and anti-inflammatory cellular responses. The co-transmitter neuropeptide Y, adenosine triphosphate, or its metabolite adenosine are also mediators of the SNS. Local pro-inflammatory processes due to injury or pathogens lead to an activation of the SNS, which in turn induces several immunoregulatory mechanisms with either pro- or anti-inflammatory effects depending on neurotransmitter concentration or pathological context. In chronic inflammatory diseases, the activity of the SNS is persistently elevated and can trigger detrimental pathological processes. Recently, the sympathetic contribution to mild chronic inflammatory diseases like osteoarthritis (OA) has attracted growing interest. OA is a whole-joint disease and is characterized by mild chronic inflammation in the joint. In this narrative article, we summarize the underlying mechanisms behind the sympathetic influence on inflammation during OA pathogenesis. In addition, OA comorbidities also accompanied by mild chronic inflammation, such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and depression, will be reviewed. Finally, the potential of SNS-based therapeutic options for the treatment of OA will be discussed.

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Anti-inflammatory agents as modulators of the inflammation in adipose tissue: A systematic review

Cited by 22 publications

References 94 publications

Preparation, Characterization, Wound Healing, and Cytotoxicity Assay of PEGylated Nanophytosomes Loaded with 6-Gingerol

Preparation, Characterization, Wound Healing, and Cytotoxicity Assay of PEGylated Nanophytosomes Loaded with 6-Gingerol

Visceral Adipose Tissue Bioenergetics Varies According to Individuals’ Obesity Class

Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Mild Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Osteoarthritis

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