Anti‐inflammatory and anti‐resorptive efficacy of adrenergic blockers on late replanted rat incisors

Abstract

Background/Aim: In addition to their anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenesis properties, adrenergic blockers may also have promising anti-resorptive effects that can prevent root resorption when teeth are replanted because of avulsion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phentolamine (Ph) and propranolol (Pr) in gels on the repair process of late replanted rat incisors. A further aim was to evaluate the biocompatibility of both drugs to human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs). Materials and methods:Forty-eight maxillary right incisors were extracted from male Wistar rats, stored in paper napkins for 60 minutes, and randomly allocated to one of eight groups (n = 6). The root canal, root surface, and alveolus were treated with 0.75 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph0.75), 10 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph10), 100 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph100), 2.5 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr2.5), 10 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr10), 100 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr100), or sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel (CMC) before replantation. In the control group (CH), only the root canal was treated with calcium hydroxide paste. Thirty days following surgery, the animals were euthanized, and the right hemimaxilla was removed to perform micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis to determine osteoclastic activity.Ethanolic solutions of Ph10 and Pr10 were selected based on the in vivo study, and the viability of HPDLFs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was determined by MTT assays. Results:The micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant differences among the treatments (P > .05). The presence of active osteoclasts was significantly decreased in the Ph10 and Pr10 groups (P < .05). Ph10 and Pr10 produced statistically similar cell survival rates compared to the control group (P > .05). Conclusions: Ph10 and Pr10 significantly decreased osteoclastogenesis in delayedreplanted rat teeth and were not cytotoxic toward HPDLFs. K E Y W O R D Sadrenergic blockers, phentolamine, propranolol, root resorption, tooth avulsion, tooth replantation

Biomechanical and Biochemical Analyses of the Effects of Propranolol on the Osseointegration of Implants

“…However, when evaluated with histological and micro computerized tomography, they showed that there was no significant bone healing in rats. 17 In these studies, similar to our study, the effect of using different doses of systemic propranol on bone healing and osseointegration was not found. Although not clinically applied, reverse torque analysis was used to evaluate implant stability and osseointegration.…”

“…Matos et al in their study reported that propranol caused a significant decrease in the number of osteoclasts detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. However, when evaluated with histological and micro computerized tomography, they showed that there was no significant bone healing in rats 17 . In these studies, similar to our study, the effect of using different doses of systemic propranol on bone healing and osseointegration was not found.…”

Phentolamine Protects against Apoptosis and Inflammation in a Neonatal Pneumonia Cell Model Induced by LPS by Regulating the TrkA/Akt Signaling Pathways

“…However, at higher concentrations (≥10 µg/mL), phentolamine significantly triggered the death of MRC-5 cells. Related studies have demonstrated that high doses of phentolamine cause cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo [15,16]. Additionally, we found that phentolamine significantly ameliorated LPS-induced embryonic lung cell death in vitro.…”

Harnessing Mechanical Stress with Viscoelastic Biomaterials for Periodontal Ligament Regeneration

“…One of the advantages of the delayed replantation of the avulsed tooth model is that PDLs can be completely necrotized by air drying for 1 h, while damage to alveolar bones can be minimized. [ 75 ] The other advantage is that the occlusal force can be controlled by altering the food structure (feeding with jelly or solid feed). [ 76 ] To establish the delayed replantation of the avulsed tooth model, the maxillary left incisor was first extracted from the tooth fossa, and then the extracted incisor was air‐dried in a fume hood for 60 min to ensure complete necrosis of the PDLs.…”

“…IACUC‐20221241). Based on previously published methods, [ 75 , 86 ] animals were anesthetized by the intraperitoneal injection of 0.1% pentobarbital sodium (0.4 mL/100 g). After general anesthesia, the maxillary left incisors of rats were submucosally anesthetized using primacaine (Acteon Pharma, Bordeaux, Gironde, France), and then the maxillary left incisor of each rat was completely extracted with minimum trauma using a 1# Root Elevator (BONEWELL Medical, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China).…”