Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Physalis alkekengi L. Extracts In Vitro and In Vivo: Potential Application for Skin Care

Abstract

Objective. Inflammatory skin disorders are becoming major issues threatening public health with increasing prevalence. This study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antisenescent activities of traditional folk medicinal plant, Physalis alkekengi L. extracts to alleviate skin inflammation and its possible mechanisms. Methods. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated murine macrophages RAW264.7 and human skin keratinocytes HaCaT were incubated with the plant extracts, respectively. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was tested by using Griess reagents. The activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was detected through a fluorescence microplate reader. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell apoptosis were quantified by flow cytometry. The proinflammatory cytokines were measured using ELISA and qRT-PCR. Human skin fibroblasts (HFF-1) were coincubated with D-galactose (D-gal) and the plant extracts. The senescence associated-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) was stained to evaluate cellular senescence. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), IL-1β, was measured through ELISA. The mRNA of IL-1α in SLS-stimulated and PGE2 in UV-radiated 3D skin models were detected by qRT-PCR. In vivo ROS production and neutrophil recruitment in CuSO4-treated zebrafish models were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Inflammation-related factors were measured by qRT-PCR. Results. In vitro, Physalis alkekengi L. significantly reduced NO production, NOS activity, cell apoptosis, transcription of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and ROS production. These plant extracts markedly attenuated SA-β-gal and IL-1β and downregulated the production of IL-1α and PGE2. In vivo, the plant extracts dramatically dampened ROS production, the number of neutrophils, and proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions. Cumulatively, this work systematically demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antisenescent properties of Physalis alkekengi L. and proposed the possible roles of Physalis alkekengi L. in inflammatory signaling pathways, providing an effective natural product for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders.

Metabolite Profiling, through LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS Analysis, of Antioxidant Extracts from Physalis alkekengi L.

“…The activity carried out by the antioxidant compounds present in Physalis alkekengi L. extracts may merely be a free radical scavenging action, but also, modulatory effects towards redox-sensitive pathways which regulate the redox state of the cell may occur [35]. In particular, it has been widely observed how some polyphenols such as quercetin or cinnamic acid derivatives are able to modulate at intestinal level the MAP kinases signaling pathway and regulate the expression of Nrf-2, a transcription factor that induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase (HO)-1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) [29,36]. Furthermore, it must be considered that many of the compounds present in the extracts can easily be absorbed and metabolized by intestinal cells, forming a pool of equally active phase I/II metabolites.…”

“…Plants of the genus Physalis are widely used as medicinal plants for the treatment of asthma, dermatitis, and rheumatism, and to prevent cancer [29]. Given the high content of compounds with antioxidant activity such as physalins and glicosylated flavonoids, the antioxidant activities of Physalis alkekengi L. extracts were investigated by spectrophotometric assays (Table 2).…”

Preparation, identification and molecular docking of two novel anti-aging peptides from perilla seed

“…The intracellular ROS levels in HaCaT cells were detected using DCFH-DA as a fluorescent probe, in accordance with the methodology of He [ 27 ] et al In 24-well plates, 1 × 10 5 HaCaT cells were seeded and cultured for 24h. Afterwards, the test samples (in DMEM) were added to the wells and incubated for an additional 4h.…”

“…The senescence degree of HFF-1 cells was determined using the experimental approach of He [ 27 ] et al by measuring senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity. After inoculating HFF-1 cells at a density of 2 × 10 4 cells per well in a 48-well plate after 24 h, the test sample solution containing a final concentration of 20 mg/mL D-gal was employed instead of the growth medium for 72 h. SA-gal enzyme activity was measured using an X-gal staining kit (Beyotime).…”

Inhibition of LPS-Induced Skin Inflammatory Response and Barrier Damage via MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Houttuynia cordata Thunb Fermentation Broth

“…Research on natural plants and foods with physiologically and pharmacologically active effects has been a hot topic in recent years. In addition to serving as food to meet people's daily needs, traditional natural plants can also be utilized as raw materials for medicines and cosmetics [1]. Finding plant components with exceptional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other efficacious effects is becoming more and more crucial as the market for safe and environmentally friendly cosmetic ingredients grows.…”