Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Carvacrol and Magnolol, in Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Cicalău, Georgiana Ioana Potra; Babeş, Petru Aurel; Călniceanu, Horia; Popa, Adina; Ciavoi, Gabriela; Iova, Gilda Mihaela; Ganea, Mariana; Scrobotă, Ioana

doi:10.3390/molecules26226899

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(306 reference statements)

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“…Oregano has also been reported to exhibit potential antibacterial activity and antioxidant properties ( 18 ). Carvacrol, as the predominant bioactive in oregano, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoclastic, and anti-diabetic properties combined with magnolol ( 19 ). Thyme oil has also been reported to exhibit potential antibacterial activity ( 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with a complex of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol negatively affects the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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BackgroundThe effects of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and thymol complex (CCT) on the growth performance and intestinal function of piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined. Colistin sulphate (CS) was as a positive control.MethodPiglets (n = 24, 32 days of age) were allocated to four treatments: Control group (fed basal diet), LPS group (fed basal diet), CS+LPS group (fed basal diet + 50 mg/kg CS), and CCT+LPS group (fed basal diet + 50 mg/kg CCT).ResultsResults showed that diarrhea rates of piglets were significantly reduced by CCT and CS supplementation respectively. Further research showed that CS supplementation tended to improve the intestinal absorption function in LPS-challenged piglets. Moreover, CS supplementation significantly reduced the contents of cortisol in blood and malondialdehyde in the duodenum and the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the duodenum and ileum and total nitric oxide synthase in the ileum in LPS-challenged piglets. CS supplementation significantly increased the activities of sucrase in the ileum and myeloperoxidase in the jejunum in LPS-challenged piglets. CS supplementation significantly alleviated the reduced mRNA levels of immune-related genes (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) in mesenteric lymph nodes and jejunum and mucosal growth-related genes (IGF-1, mTOR, ALP) in LPS-challenged piglets. These results suggested that CS supplementation improved the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets by improving intestinal oxidative stress, immune stress, and absorption and repair function. However, although CCT supplementation improved oxidative stress by reducing (p < 0.05) the content of malondialdehyde and the activity of nitric oxide synthase in the duodenum, CCT supplementation tended to aggravate the intestinal absorption dysfunction in LPS-challenged piglets. Furthermore, compared with the control and LPS groups, CCT supplementation remarkably elevated the content of prostaglandin in plasma and the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 in mesenteric lymph nodes and jejunum, and reduced the activity of maltase in the ileum in LPS-challenged piglets. These results suggested that CCT supplementation had a negative effect on intestinal function by altering intestinal immune stress response and reducing disaccharidase activity in LPS-challenged piglets.ConclusionsCompared to CS, CCT supplementation exhibited a negative effect on intestinal function, suggesting whether CCT can be as an effective feed additive still needs further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with a complex of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol negatively affects the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The studies showed these active substances' minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Therefore, to prepare the periodontal hydrogel with carvacrol and magnolol, we used the amounts of carvacrol MIC, and MBC indicated in the literature (Figure 2) [21]. To properly formulate these bioadhesive preparations, we have considered several practical aspects for preparation [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, more and more plant extracts have been scientifically investigated for their effect on the bacterial flora of periodontal disease. Many of these studies are experimental research on rats, as this animal model has histological, immunological, and biochemical mechanisms similar to those found in humans [19][20][21]. Most medicines have the potential to cause potential side effects, and natural extracts are no exception [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Characterization of Hydrophilic Ointment Bases with Carvacrol and Magnolol for Periodontal Application

Cicalău¹,

Miere²,

Mandal³

et al. 2022

Pharmacophore

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“…To include such underlying mechanisms would allow us to simulate a wider array of drugs, including e.g. antiinflammatory drugs like cd44-inhibitors (31,32), or drugs that influence the size of adipocytes like metformin (33). These potential additions could thus be useful for both drug development and individualized prevention.…”

Section: Limitations With Our Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-scale digital twin for adiposity-driven insulin resistance in humans: diet and drug effects

Herrgårdh

Simonsson

Ekstedt

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The increased prevalence of insulin resistance is one of the major health risks in society today. Insulin resistance involves both short-term dynamics, such as altered meal responses, and long-term dynamics, such as development of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance also occurs on different physiological levels, ranging from disease phenotypes to organ-organ communication and intracellular signaling. To better understand the progression of insulin resistance, an analysis method is needed that can combine different timescales and physiological levels. One such method is digital twins, consisting of combined mechanistic multi-scale and multi-level mathematical models. We have previously developed a multi-level model for short-term glucose homeostasis and intracellular insulin signaling, and there exists long-term weight regulation models. However, no one has combined these kinds of models into an interconnected, multi-level and multi-timescale digital twin model. Herein, we present a first such multi-scale digital twin for the progression of insulin resistance in humans. The connected twin correctly predicts independent data from a weight increase study, both for weight-changes, for fasting plasma insulin and glucose levels, as well as for intracellular insulin signaling. Similarly, the model can predict independent weight-change data in a weight loss study, involving diet and the weight loss drug topiramate. In both these cases, the model can also predict non-measured variables, such as activity of intracellular intermediaries, glucose tolerance responses, and organ fluxes. In conclusion, we present a first multi-level and multi-timescale model, describing dynamics on the whole-body, organ and cellular levels, ranging from minutes to years. This model constitutes the basis for a new digital twin technology, which in the future could potentially be used to aid medical pedagogics and increase motivation and compliance and thus aid in prevention and treatment of insulin resistance.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Carvacrol and Magnolol, in Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 55 publications

References 174 publications

Dietary supplementation with a complex of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol negatively affects the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets

Dietary supplementation with a complex of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol negatively affects the intestinal function in LPS-challenged piglets

Formulation and Characterization of Hydrophilic Ointment Bases with Carvacrol and Magnolol for Periodontal Application

A multi-scale digital twin for adiposity-driven insulin resistance in humans: diet and drug effects

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