Anti-inflammatory drugs in the prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation: a literature review

Nomani, Homa; Mohammadpour, Amir Hooshang; Moallem, Seyed Mohammad Hassan; Sahebkar, Amirhossein

doi:10.1007/s10787-019-00653-x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Although the potential pathophysiologic mechanisms of AF remain controversial, there has been increasing evidence that inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of AF [ 5 – 7 ]. Laboratory tests showed that inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) increased in patients with AF [ 8 ] and anti-inflammatory medications may reduce the morbidity of AF [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on atrial fibrillation

Chen

Jiang

2021

Aging

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Background: Despite growing evidence indicating that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), owing to the potential biases of confounding effects and reverse causation, the specific relationship between IBD and AF remains controversial. The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a causal effect of IBD on AF. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to evaluate the causal effect of IBD on AF. Statistical summaries for the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and traits of interest were obtained from independent consortia with European populations. The dataset of IBD was acquired from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including more than 75,000 cases and controls. A GWAS with 60,620 AF cases and 970,216 controls was used to identify genetic variation underlying AF. The causal effect was estimated using the multiplicative random effects inverse-variance weighted method (IVW), followed by sensitivity analysis. Results: Using 81 SNPs, there was no evidence to suggest an association between genetically predicted IBD and risk of AF with multiplicative random-effects IVW MR analysis (odds ratio = 1.0000, 95% confidence interval: 0.9994 1.0005, p = 0.88). Conclusion: As opposed to current assumptions, no substantial evidence was found to support a causal role of IBD in the development of AF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on atrial fibrillation

Chen

Jiang

2021

Aging

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“…In spite of the wealth of preclinical data supporting the role of statins in decreasing inflammation, which is prominent in the postoperative period, clinical trials have yielded mixed results with respect to the role of statins on POAF. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Although smaller trials had shown reductions of in-hospital POAF with statin therapy, 2 large randomized trials failed to demonstrate the beneficial effect of statin therapy on the risk of developing POAF after cardiac surgery. 4,5,16 In the STICS trial (n ¼ 1922), high-intensity rosuvastatin was not associated with a significant reduction in the rate of POAF via Holter electrocardiographic monitoring within 5 days of surgery when compared with placebo (21.1% vs 20.5%, P ¼ 0.72).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Statins on Postdischarge Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Trial

et al. 2023

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“…25) While inflammation can cause AF, AF can cause local and generalized inflammation. 26) The available data suggest that corticosteroids might be a potential option to break this vicious cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prednisone Ameliorates Atrial Inflammation and Fibrosis in Atrial Tachypacing Dogs

et al. 2022

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Atrial inflammation and fibrosis have long been considered culprits in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Prior clinical studies showed that corticosteroid therapy is beneficial in patients with AF. Here we sought to determine whether prednisone treatment prevents atrial tachypacing (ATP) induced atrial fibrosis.Dogs were randomized into the sham, ATP, ATP + low-dose prednisone (ALP), and ATP + high-dose prednisone (AHP) groups. After 6 days of recovery from surgery, dogs were subjected to ATP at 400 beats per minute for 4 weeks while being treated with prednisone (15 or 40 mg/day) or a placebo. Pacemakers were not activated in the sham group.Compared with the ATP group, the expression of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β1 and connective tissue growth factor were significantly reduced in the ALP and AHP groups. Fluorescence assays showed that reactive oxygen species formation in the right atrium was suppressed in the ALP and AHP groups compared with the ATP group. The protein level of NADPH oxidase 2 was reduced in the ALP and AHP groups' versus ATP group, while NOX4 and NOX5 were unchanged. ATP-induced downregulation of BH4 and eNOS uncoupling in the atria was partially restored in the prednisone-treated groups.Our study demonstrated that atrial fibrosis induced by ATP were suppressed by prednisone. Low-dose prednisone was also effective in suppressing the development of atrial fibrosis.

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Anti-inflammatory drugs in the prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation: a literature review

Cited by 12 publications

References 114 publications

Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on atrial fibrillation

Mendelian randomization as an approach to assess causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on atrial fibrillation

The Impact of Statins on Postdischarge Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Trial

Prednisone Ameliorates Atrial Inflammation and Fibrosis in Atrial Tachypacing Dogs

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