Anti-inflammatory effect of neo-lignan isoamericanin A via suppression of NF-κB in liposaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of the seeds of Opuntina humifusa and its active constituents.Methods: The extract of O. humifusa seeds was tested for the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in liposaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells using Griess reagent. The active constituents were isolated using bioassay-guided isolation methods. The effects of the active constituent on NO, proinflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor (IκB) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot analysis.Results: The seed extract of O. humifusa significantly attenuated LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells (p < 0.05). Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of isoamericanin A as an active constituent. Isoamericanin A reduced LPS-induced production of NO, iNOS, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect was accompanied by decreased translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus and the decreased phosphorylation of IκB in the cytosol induced by LPS (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The seed extract of O. humifusa and its active constituent, isoamericanin A, have antiinflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that they have potentials as antiinflammatory agents.
 Keywords: Opuntia humifusa seeds, Isoamericanin A, Nitric oxide, RAW 264.7 cells, NF-kappa B

Isoamericanin A improves lipopolysaccharide‐induced memory impairment in mice through suppression of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateoxidase‐dependent nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway

“…Thus, the inactivation of NADPH oxidase helps suppress neuroinflammation. Our data showed that the inflammation inhibition effect of ISOA was obtained by reducing NF‐κB signaling pathway, evidenced by lowed IκBα phosphorylation and NF‐κB p65 nuclear translocation, which is consistent with the previous report (Ji et al, 2020). Moreover, we observed, for the first time, that ISOA suppressed NF‐κB p65 phosphorylation and IκBα degradation.…”

“…Airy Shaw (Euphorbiaceae) (Chen et al, 2020). Previous studies reported ISOA could act as a prostaglandin I2 inducer (Ji et al, 2020) and possesses pharmacological properties against oxidative stress (Suzuki et al, 2016) and inflammation (Chen et al, 2020; Ji et al, 2020). Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that ISOA possesses the potential to treat AD.…”

Phenolic Compounds’ Occurrence in Opuntia Species and Their Role in the Inflammatory Process: A Review

“…In another study, Cho et al [ 78 ] reported that chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of O. humifusa cladodes were able to decrease NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, pointing to quercetin as one of the main compounds responsible for this behavior. Moreover, they also noticed that both fractions differently modulated cytokines’ gene expression, especially for iNOS, IL-6, and IL-1β, suggesting the implication of other bioactive components from the species in the anti-inflammatory potential, while Yeo et al [ 91 ] showed that methanolic extracts obtained from the seeds of the same species reduced NO production from LPS-stimulated macrophages’ RAW 264.7. The isolated compound americanin A was found to be responsible for reducing iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ (TNF-α and IL-6) expression levels, which resulted principally by preventing NF-κB translocation into the nucleus.…”