Anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA are dependent upon time and dose-response elements associated with LPS stimulation in THP-1-derived macrophages

Mullen, Anne; Loscher, Christine E.; Roche, Helen M.

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.02.008

Cited by 207 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Most of these studies, however, were small and used fish oil, with little attention given to specific DHA effects. Our findings do agree with data from in vitro studies, particularly from cultured cells, including monocytes and endothelial cells 77, 78, 79, 80. We thus conclude that the atheroprotective effect of DHA is transduced by alterations in flow leading to an arterial environment in which levels of these plasma chemoattractants are reduced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Alfaidi

Chamberlain

Rothman

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundHypertension is a complex condition and a common cardiovascular risk factor. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) modulates atherosclerosis and hypertension, possibly via an inflammatory mechanism. IL‐1 (interleukin 1) has an established role in atherosclerosis and inflammation, although whether IL‐1 inhibition modulates blood pressure is unclear.Methods and ResultsMale apoE−/− (apolipoprotein E–null) mice were fed either a high fat diet or a high fat diet plus DHA (300 mg/kg per day) for 12 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac function were assessed, and effects of DHA on wall shear stress and atherosclerosis were determined. DHA supplementation improved left ventricular function, reduced wall shear stress and oscillatory shear at ostia in the descending aorta, and significantly lowered blood pressure compared with controls (119.5±7 versus 159.7±3 mm Hg, P<0.001, n=4 per group). Analysis of atheroma following DHA feeding in mice demonstrated a 4‐fold reduction in lesion burden in distal aortas and in brachiocephalic arteries (P<0.001, n=12 per group). In addition, DHA treatment selectively decreased plaque endothelial IL‐1β (P<0.01).ConclusionsOur findings revealed that raised blood pressure can be reduced by inhibiting IL‐1 indirectly by administration of DHA in the diet through a mechanism that involves a reduction in wall shear stress and local expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1β.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Alfaidi

Chamberlain

Rothman

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…In our study, EPA was significantly more powerful than DHA, and we assume this to be in part due to the increase of EPA in the blood associated with the administration of the DIMS diet while the concentrations of DHA remained unchanged. In other words, as the doses of EPA (254 mg/day, on average) and DHA (173 mg/day, on average) administered in our study were substantially below the recommended dosage, DHA might have failed to reach its effective blood concentration (Mullen et al 2010). Here, DHA is of particular interest.…”

Section: Epa/dhamentioning

confidence: 71%

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Glycemic Control in Elderly Bedridden Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Ogawa

Abe

Nako

et al. 2013

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids mainly contained in the blue-backed fish oil, and are effective in decreasing the lipids disorder and the cardiovascular incidence among diabetic patients. Moreover, it has been suggested that EPA and DHA may improve the insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. However, the clinical effects of EPA and DHA on glucose metabolism remain unclear. We aimed to clarify the effects of EPA/DHA treatment on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial involving 30 elderly type 2 diabetic patients on a liquid diet. Their exercises were almost zero and the content of their meals was strictly managed and understood well. Therefore, the difference by the individual's life was a minimum. The subjects were divided into two groups: those receiving EPA/DHA-rich liquid diet [EPA/DHA (+)] or liquid diet lacking EPA/DHA [EPA/DHA (−)]. Changes in factors related to glucose and lipid metabolism were assessed after the three-month study. Serum concentrations of EPA rose in EPA/DHA (+), although the levels of DHA and fasting C-peptide remained unchanged in EPA/DHA (+). In addition, there was a significant decline in the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting remnant-like particles and apolipoprotein (apo) B in EPA/DHA (+), compared with the values in EPA/DHA (−). EPA/DHA-rich diet might improve glucose metabolism in elderly type 2 diabetic patients on a liquid diet. This phenomenon may be due to the improved insulin resistance mediated by the rise in serum EPA concentrations.

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“…The effects of n-3 LC-PUFA on lipoprotein concentrations in HIV-positive adults are unclear, with no effect (262) , 11 % raised HDL (266) and 22·4 % raised LDL (258) reported. EPA and DHA have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in vitro via their role as PPAR-g ligands (267) and modulation of the NF-kB signalling system (268,269) . Despite the strength of evidence to support anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA in vitro, studies investigating the effects of n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation on cytokine production in HIV-positive adults are limited.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome

Loonam

Mullen

2012

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS), comprising metabolic and morphological alterations, is a known side effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Evidence for the role of nutrition in the management of the systemic parameters of HALS is currently limited. In the present paper we review the current knowledge base surrounding HALS, focusing particularly on the role of nutrition in mitigating the systemic parameters of the syndrome. Reported prevalence of HALS was found to vary from 9 to 83 % due to lack of a standardised definition, as well as variations in assessment methods and in the study population used. HALS is associated with both morphological (lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy) and metabolic (dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance, diabetes, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis) alterations, which may occur singly or in combination, and are associated with an increased risk of CVD. HAART-induced adipocyte inflammation, oxidative stress and macrophage infiltration, as well as altered adipocyte function and mitochondrial toxicity, have been shown to be central to the development of HALS. The adipocyte, therefore, represents a plausible target for treatment. Pharmacological and surgical treatment interventions have shown effect. However, their use is associated with numerous adverse effects and complications. Targeted lifestyle interventions may provide a useful alternative for managing HALS owing to their safety and tolerability. A Mediterranean-style diet has been found to be effective in improving the systemic parameters of HALS. Furthermore, the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation are encouraging and future randomised controlled trials investigating the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA in HALS are justified.

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Anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA are dependent upon time and dose-response elements associated with LPS stimulation in THP-1-derived macrophages

Cited by 207 publications

References 42 publications

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Oscillatory Wall Shear Stress, Atherosclerosis, and Hypertension, Most Likely Mediated via an IL‐1–Mediated Mechanism

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Glycemic Control in Elderly Bedridden Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrition and the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome

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