Anti-inflammatory Effects of Flavonoids on TNBS-induced Colitis of Rats

Abstract

It has been shown that the extracts including eupatilin and quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside had mucoprotective effects on the esophagus and stomach through their antioxidant activities. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of these flavonoid compounds in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Experimental colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Extracts including eupatilin or quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside were orally administered to animals 48, 24, and 1 h prior to the induction of colitis and then again 24 h later. The animals were sacrificed 48 h after by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid treatment and the macroscopic appearance of the colonic lesions was scored in a blinded manner on a scale of 1 to 10. The inflammatory response to colitis induction was assessed by measuring myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide production, tumor necrosis factor-α expression, total glutathione levels, and malondialdehyde concentrations in the colon. The results indicated that extracts including eupatilin and extracts including quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside dose-dependently improved the morphology of the lesions induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and reduced the ulcer index accordingly. In addition, rats receiving extracts including eupatilin and extracts including quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside showed significantly decreased levels of mucosal myeloperoxidase activity, nitric oxide production, tumor necrosis factor-α expression, and malondialdehyde levels, and increased total glutathione levels. Extracts including eupatilin and extracts including quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside ameliorated the inflammatory response and colonic injury in acute colitis by decreasing oxidative stress and neutrophil activation. Extracts including eupatilin and extracts including quercetin-3-β-D-glucuronopyranoside may inhibit acute colitis.

Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?

“…Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme protein secreted by phagocytes, especially neutrophils, is a marker for local leukocyte sequestration and inflammation. An increase in MPO activity and the generation of NO • has also been demonstrated in inflamed colon biopsies and both are related to the disease's progression [69] . Reports have demonstrated a significant correlation with other OS markers, such as MDA and H 2 O 2 , in patients with metabolic syndrome [70] .…”

Galangin Protects against Symptoms of Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Acute Colitis by Activating Autophagy and Modulating the Gut Microbiota

“…It has been shown that the pathogenesis of IBD involves both genetic and environmental factors, and studies have also highlighted the important role of the intestinal microbiota. Dietary supplements with natural products, including flavonoids, have been shown to have a certain potential in maintaining and/or reshaping the gut microbiome [40]. Despite the fact that most flavonoids have poor absorption, the gut microbiome is still largely affected by flavonoids because they have a long dwell time in the gut.…”

Protective Effects of Quercetin on Intestinal Damage Caused by Ionizing Radiation

“…In several experimental animal models, it has been shown that quercetin has protective effects against tissue damage (24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Ozyurt et al (26) reported that quercetin could provide protection for the kidneys and bladder in radiation-induced toxicity in an animal model.…”

“…Ozyurt et al (26) reported that quercetin could provide protection for the kidneys and bladder in radiation-induced toxicity in an animal model. Similarly, in an experimental colitis model, Joo et al (27) reported that quercetin could ameliorate inflammatory responses by reducing oxidative stress and neutrophil activation.…”