Anti-inflammatory potential of Phaseolus calcaratus Roxburgh, a oriental medicine, on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

Abstract

These results suggest for the first time that ethanol extracts from PHCR seed have anti-inflammatory potential on LPS-stimulated macrophages through the down-regulation of ERK/p38- and NF-κB-mediated signalling pathways.

Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract derived from Phaseolus angularis beans

“…1E), indicating that the immunopharmacological effect of Pa-EE was not related to cytotoxicity. As found with other anti-inflammatory medicinal herbals such as Phaseolus calcaratus, Sorbus commixta, Sanguisorba officinalis, Acer tegmentosum, Hibiscus cannabinus, and C. camphora (Lee et al, , 2007Fang et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2010Yu et al, , 2011a, Pa-EE also strongly inhibited the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediator-generating genes such as iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-␣ (Fig. 1F).…”

Methanol extract of the aerial parts of barley (Hordeum vulgare) suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responsesin vitroandin vivo

“…In particular, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK are known to primarily mediate the cellular signaling involved in the activation of macrophages in response to microbial pathogens (Gaestel et al, 2007;Xagorari et al, 2002). Our previous findings have shown the critical roles that ERK and p38 MAPK play in LPSstimulated macrophages (Fang et al, 2011;Hwang et al, 2010). Although it is still unclear whether the activation of both or either of ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK are required for LPS-induced NO production in macrophages (Watters et al, 2002), it is believed that the active fractions from the aerial parts of barley inhibit the NF-kB-mediated pathways by preventing the activation of ERK and/or p38 MAPK in LPS-stimulated macrophages.…”

“…Barley and its aerial parts were authenticated by botanists at the National Institute of Animal Science. The extraction and fractionation of barley extracts were performed according to the methods described elsewhere (Fang et al, 2011) with slight modification. Initially, methanol crude extract was prepared from the dried aerial parts of the barley by shaking 500 g of the powder in 2000 mL of 70% methanol at room temperature for 24 h twice.…”

“…The nitrite concentration in the culture medium of cells stimulated with 1 mg/mL LPS in the presence and absence of barley samples was measured as an indicator of the NO production using the Griess reagent as described previously (Fang et al, 2011). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1b and TNF-a) in the culture supernatants of these cells were also determined using mouse quantikine Õ ELISA kits (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN) according to manufacturer instructions.…”

“…This assay was carried out according to the previously described method (Fang et al, 2011). In brief, the DNA-protein binding reactions were performed for 30 min at room temperature with 10-15 mg protein in a 20 mL buffer containing 1 mg/mL BSA, 0.5 mg/mL poly (dI-dC), 5% glycerol, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM PMSF, 10 mM Tris-Cl (pH 7.5), 50 mM NaCl, 30 000 cpm of [a-32 P] dCTPlabeled oligonucleotides and the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase.…”