Anti-inflammatory Potential of Lead Compounds and Their Derivatives from Medicinal Plants

Nirmala, Nisha Sam; Krishnan, Navina Bala; Vivekanandan, Vaishnavi; Thirugnanasambantham, Krishnaraj

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28780-0_50

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 179 publications

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“…Medicinal plant-based compounds provide an extensive array of chemical diversity, which plays a vital role in the exploration and advancement of contemporary medicinal therapies [1][2][3]. Over the past few decades, numerous natural plant-derived compounds have been identified, exhibiting antioxidative, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties explained by their ability to activate a variety of signaling transduction pathways [4][5][6][7][8]. Approximately 25% of current medicines are derived from plants, underscoring the profound impact of botanical sources in pharmaceuticals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Activities of Roots and Seeds of Ammi visnaga L. Methanol Extract

Aziz,

Alshalan,

Rizwana

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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For centuries, plants and their components have been harnessed for therapeutic purposes, with Ammi visnaga L. (Khella) being no exception to this rich tradition. While existing studies have shed light on the cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of seed extracts, there remains a noticeable gap in research about the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer potential of root extracts. This study seeks to address this gap by systematically examining methanol extracts derived from the roots of A. visnaga L. and comparing their effects with those of seed extracts specifically against breast cancer cells. Notably, absent from previous investigations, this study focuses on the comparative analysis of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of both root and seed extracts. The methanol extract obtained from A. visnaga L. seeds demonstrated a notably higher level of total phenolic content (TPC) than its root counterpart, measuring 366.57 ± 2.86 and 270.78 ± 2.86 mg GAE/g dry weight of the dry extract, respectively. In the evaluation of antioxidant activities using the DPPH method, the IC50 values for root and seed extracts were determined to be 193.46 ± 17.13 μg/mL and 227.19 ± 1.48 μg/mL, respectively. Turning our attention to cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), both root and seed extracts displayed similar cytotoxic activities, with IC50 values of 92.45 ± 2.14 μg/mL and 75.43 ± 2.32 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, both root and seed extracts exhibited a noteworthy modulation of gene expression, upregulating the expression of caspase and Bax mRNA levels while concurrently suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl-xL and Bcl-2), thereby reinforcing their potential as anticancer agents. A. visnaga L. seed extract outperforms the root extract in antimicrobial activities, exhibiting lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3.81 ± 0.24 to 125 ± 7.63 μg/mL. This highlights the seeds’ potential as potent antibacterial agents, expanding their role in disease prevention. Overall, this study underscores the diverse therapeutic potentials of A. visnaga L. roots and seeds, contributing to the understanding of plant-derived extracts in mitigating disease risks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Activities of Roots and Seeds of Ammi visnaga L. Methanol Extract

Aziz,

Alshalan,

Rizwana

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Chemical composition and bioactivities of the methanol root extracts of Saussurea costus

Binobead,

Aziz,

Ibrahim

et al. 2024

Open Chemistry

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Saussurea costus (S. costus) is a medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family that is widely used in traditional medicine in Saudi Arabia. This study examines S. costus root extract for its chemical composition and its antioxidant, anti-cancer, and antibacterial properties. The results of the study on the methanol root extract of S. costus reveal a rich chemical composition, as identified by GC-MS/FID analysis. The extract also showed high levels of total phenolic content (188.2 ± 2.1 mg GAE/g DM) and total flavonoid content (129 ± 2.6 mg QE/g DM). In antioxidant tests, the extract exhibited strong activity, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 137.15 μg/mL for ABTS and 175.5 μg/mL for DPPH as compared to positive control’s IC50 values of 45.5 ± 0.3 μg/mL for ABTS and 55.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL for DPPH. The cytotoxic assessment against MCF-7 and A549 cell lines showed notable effects, particularly at higher concentrations. Additionally, the extract induced apoptosis in these cell lines, evidenced by changes in gene expression. Antibacterial tests revealed significant activity against various strains, with MIC values ranging from 7.81 to 125 μg/mL. The study underscores the importance of plant extracts in modern healthcare and suggests future research directions, including clinical applications and compound identification.

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Anti-inflammatory Potential of Lead Compounds and Their Derivatives from Medicinal Plants

Cited by 2 publications

References 179 publications

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Activities of Roots and Seeds of Ammi visnaga L. Methanol Extract

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Activities of Roots and Seeds of Ammi visnaga L. Methanol Extract

Chemical composition and bioactivities of the methanol root extracts of Saussurea costus

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