Anti-inflammatory properties of Dirinaria consimilis extracts in albino rats

Abstract

BackgroundEarlier, the lichens are used in traditional medicines by different cultures across the world. As the Dirinaria genus has been shown to be biologically active against inflammation in folklore, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory profile of Dirinaria consimilis.Material and methodsInitially, the hydroalcoholic extract of lichen, D. consimilis (Dc-HE) was prepared and re-extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The resultant extracts were evaluated for their in vitro (protein denaturation method), acute toxicity and in vivo (formalin-induced rat paw oedema assay) anti-inflammatory studies.ResultsAmong all the tested extracts, the acetone and chloroform extract of D. consimilis depicted prominent anti-inflammatory activity in both the bioassays. The acetone extract inhibited protein denaturation with IC50 value of about 468 µg/mL while the standard (Indomethacin) with 120 µg/mL. Moreover, the Dc-HE was screened for acute toxicity studies in male albino rats up to 2000 mg/Kg b.w dosage. The in vivo anti-inflammatory analysis of acetone extract (200 mg/mL) showed potent reduction of rat paw oedema nearer to that of the standard, whereas chloroform extract depicted moderate depletion and the other extracts revealed mild inhibitory profile against inflammation.ConclusionThis study reveals that the lichen, D. consimilis might be a good source of anti-inflammatory agents.

Chemical and pharmacological evaluation of manglicolous lichen Roccella montagnei Bel em. D. D. Awasthi

“…The illustrations of the current research proposed that the RM-Ac has pronounced anti-inflammatory capability against prolonged models of inflammation like formalin-induced assay [20], which is also used to measure anti-arthritic activity. Therefore, outcomes of current research explained the application of above lichen extract, i.e.…”

“…All the isolated metabolites and RM-Ac were subjected to antioxidant activity using DPPH, superoxide and ABTS free radicals, and in vitro & in vivo anti-inflammatory by using protein denaturation method and formalin-induced albino rat paw oedema bioassay, and anticancer activity using SRB assay. In addition, the acute toxicity of RM-Ac was performed on male albino rats [20].…”

“…acute and chronic, and in predominantly allied with arthritis. Besides, the dominance consequence of the RM-Ac may be due to the blockade of the biosynthesis of thromboxane (TXA2), prostanoids (PGE2, PGF2α, PGD2, PGI2), and Interluekin-8 [2,3,20].…”

“…The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity for metabolites (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and RM-Ac were determined by using protein denaturation method [20] in triplicate, and results are reported as percentage of inhibition of protein denaturation against blank. Bovine serum albumin protein (1%) was solubilized in sodium phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 6.4).…”

“…The RM-Ac was subject to in vivo anti-inflammatory assay by plethysmographic measurement of formalininduced hind albino rat (either sex; n = 6) paw oedema [2,20]. Group I is for normal control (dosed with 0.5% CMC), group II for indomethacin (Indo, 100 mg/Kg b.w) and group III and group IV assisted for RM-Ac at 100 and 200 mg/Kg b.w, respectively.…”