Anti-inflammatory role of glycine in reducing rodent postoperative inflammatory ileus

Stoffels, Burkhard; Türler, Andreas; Schmidt, Joachim; Nazir, Asad; Tsukamoto, Takeshi; Moore, Beverley A.; Schnurr, Christoph; Kalff, Jörg C.; Bauer, Anthony J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01603.x

Cited by 44 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Small peptides and amino acids derived from CH are detectable in blood. 10,19 The present study demonstrated that orally administered CH increases plasma glycine levels in mice in a concentrationdependent manner. Anti-inflammatory effectiveness was indicated by counteraction of the zymosan-induced ear swelling at 3 h after zymosan injection (5 h after CH intake).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Collagen hydrolysate inhibits zymosan-induced inflammation

Hartog

Cozijnsen

Vrij

et al. 2013

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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During the past years, evidence accumulated showing that glycine comprises anti-inflammatory activities. These effects occur, at least in part, via the activation of glycine-gated chloride channels (GlyR). Glycine is one of the major structural units of collagen, making up about 30% of the amino acids. This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of collagen hydrolysate (CH) using the zymosan-induced ear-skin inflammation mouse model. After oral intake of 12.5, 25 or 50 mg CH the plasma levels of glycine increased in a concentration-dependent manner. CH was able to counteract zymosan-induced ear-skin inflammation locally (ear swelling) as well as systemically (IL-6 production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole blood cells). The LPS-stimulated IL-6 production in whole blood correlated positively with the ear swelling response. This correlation was abolished by strychnine (a glycine receptor antagonist), indicating the involvement of GlyR. Collectively, these data show that CH is able to modulate inflammatory responses both locally as well as systemically. This effect might be constituted by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production via GlyR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Collagen hydrolysate inhibits zymosan-induced inflammation

Hartog

Cozijnsen

Vrij

et al. 2013

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…The regulation of the COX isoforms by glycine was reported previously; oral administration reduced the expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in the kidneys of rats with metabolic syndrome (Pérez-Torres et al 2011). Additionally, glycine pretreatment attenuated the elevated production of prostanoids derived from COX-2 in postoperative ileum experiments (Stoffels et al 2011).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 82%

Vascular endothelial function is improved by oral glycine treatment in aged rats

Gómez-Zamudio

García‐Macedo

Ibarra-Barajas

et al. 2015

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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Glycine has been used to reduce oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators in some metabolic disorders; however, its effect on the vasculature has been poorly studied. The aim of this work was to explore the effect of glycine on endothelial dysfunction in aged rats. Aortic rings with intact or denuded endothelium were obtained from untreated or glycine-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats at 5 and 15 months of age. Concentration-response curves to phenylephrine (PHE) were obtained from aortic rings incubated with N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), superoxide dismutase (SOD), indomethacin, SC-560, and NS-398. Aortic mRNA expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX-4), cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin-1 β was measured by real time RT-PCR. The endothelial modulation of the contraction by PHE was decreased in aortic rings from aged rats. Glycine treatment improved this modulator effect and increased relaxation to acetylcholine. Glycine augmented the sensitivity for PHE in the presence of l-NAME and SOD. It also reduced the contraction by incubation with indomethacin, SC-560, and NS-398. Glycine increased the mRNA expression of eNOS and decreased the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α. Glycine improved the endothelium function in aged rats possibly by enhancing eNOS expression and reducing the role of superoxide anion and contractile prostanoids that increase the nitric oxide bioavailability.

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“…Secondly, Avertin use was associated with ileus or peritonitis in a subset of mice, a side effect previously reported by others [33,74]. While these mice were excluded from the analyses (fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Study exclusions were related to mortality at the time of impact, euthanasia due to skull fracture or malocclusion, or morbidity associated with the development of intestinal ileus in a subset of mice anaesthetized by Avertin (2,2,2-tribromoethanol), a side effect previously reported by others [32,33]. Standard bedding, rodent chow, and water were available ad libitum, and housing was maintained on a 12-hour light/dark cycle at approximately 20°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Anesthetic-Dependent Hypoactivity after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Adolescent Mice

et al. 2016

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Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBIs) culminate in neurological impairments and chronic neurodegeneration, which have wide-ranging implications for patient management and return-to-play decisions for athletes. Adolescents show a high prevalence of sports-related head injuries and may be particularly vulnerable to rmTBIs due to ongoing brain maturation. However, it remains unclear whether rmTBIs, below the threshold for acute neuronal injury or symptomology, influence long-term outcomes. To address this issue, we first defined a very mild injury in adolescent mice (postnatal day 35) as evidenced by an increase in Iba-1- labeled microglia in white matter in the acutely injured brain, in the absence of indices of cell death, axonal injury, and vasogenic edema. Using this level of injury severity and Avertin (2,2,2-tribromoethanol) as the anesthetic, we compared mice subjected to either a single mTBI or 2 rmTBIs, each separated by 48 h. Neurobehavioral assessments were conducted at 1 week and at 1 and 3 months postimpact. Mice subjected to rmTBIs showed transient anxiety and persistent and pronounced hypoactivity compared to sham control mice, alongside normal sensorimotor, cognitive, social, and emotional function. As isoflurane is more commonly used than Avertin in animal models of TBI, we next examined long-term outcomes after rmTBIs in mice that were anesthetized with this agent. However, there was no evidence of abnormal behaviors even with the addition of a third rmTBI. To determine whether isoflurane may be neuroprotective, we compared the acute pathology after a single mTBI in mice anesthetized with either Avertin or isoflurane. Pathological findings were more pronounced in the group exposed to Avertin compared to the isoflurane group. These collective findings reveal distinct behavioral phenotypes (transient anxiety and prolonged hypoactivity) that emerge in response to rmTBIs. Our findings further suggest that selected anesthetics may confer early neuroprotection after rmTBIs, and as such mask long-term abnormal phenotypes that may otherwise emerge as a consequence of acute pathogenesis.

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Anti-inflammatory role of glycine in reducing rodent postoperative inflammatory ileus

Cited by 44 publications

References 68 publications

Collagen hydrolysate inhibits zymosan-induced inflammation

Collagen hydrolysate inhibits zymosan-induced inflammation

Vascular endothelial function is improved by oral glycine treatment in aged rats

Long-Term Anesthetic-Dependent Hypoactivity after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Adolescent Mice

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