Anti-inflammatory Therapeutics and Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that atherosclerotic disease progression is contingent upon chronic inflammation. The sequence of events leading up to plaque formation, instability, and eventual plaque rupture hinges upon the interaction of proinflammatory cytokines and fat deposition within the coronary vasculature. Over the past decade, a large body of evidence has demonstrated the efficacy of specific anti-inflammatory therapeutics in halting the progression of coronary artery disease. Despite this, these therapeutics have yet to be included in guideline-directed medical therapy regimens. This review will focus on several anti-inflammatories, which have been studied in the context of cardiovascular disease—colchicine, canakinumab, VIA-2291, and methotrexate, and will highlight the potential benefits majority hold in hindering atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease progression. This holds especially true for individuals already on optimal medical therapy who continue to be at high risk for adverse cardiovascular events.