Anti-Leishmania infantum Antibody-Producing Plasma Cells in the Spleen in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Fontes, Jonathan L. M.; Mesquita, Bianca R.; Brito, Reginaldo; Gomes, Juliana C. S.; Melo, Caroline Vilas Boas de; dos-Santos, Washington L. C.

doi:10.3390/pathogens10121635

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The spleen concentrates high parasite burden and, as a consequence, presents significant morphological changes, including hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the red pulp and infiltration of mononuclear and plasma cells. The white pulp of the spleen presents macrophage replacement by lymphocytes due to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of this region [18,19]. The spleen is the organ where the response to the parasite is established and where the process of cell activation occurs [20,21].…”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Leishmaniasis: Update on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Morales-Yuste

Sánchez

Corpas‐López

2022

Veterinary Sciences

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Dog are the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum, causing canine leishmaniasis, an incurable multisystemic disease that leads to death in symptomatic dogs, when not treated. This parasite causes visceral, cutaneous, and mucosal leishmaniasis in people in the Mediterranean Basin, North Africa, South America, and West Asia. This disease is mostly unknown by veterinarians outside the endemic areas, but the disease is expanding in the Northern Hemisphere due to travel and climate change. New methodologies to study the epidemiology of the disease have found new hosts of leishmaniasis and drawn a completely new picture of the parasite biological cycle. Canine leishmaniasis diagnosis has evolved over the years through the analysis of new samples using novel molecular techniques. Given the neglected nature of leishmaniasis, progress in drug discovery is slow, and the few drugs that reach clinical stages in humans are unlikely to be commercialised for dogs, but several approaches have been developed to support chemotherapy. New-generation vaccines developed during the last decade are now widely used, along with novel prevention strategies. The implications of the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of canine leishmaniasis are fundamental to public health.

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Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Leishmaniasis: Update on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Morales-Yuste

Sánchez

Corpas‐López

2022

Veterinary Sciences

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“…Infected dogs with poor body condition, or cachexia, mainly display skin signs including skin peeling, cutaneous lesions (nodular, ulcerative, and pustular), and exfoliative dermatitis. A wide variety of clinical signs and a number of unusual presentations make diagnosis a challenge to veterinarians [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Challenges in the Association between Canine Leishmaniasis and Malignant Disorders

Silva Ribeiro,

de Oliveira Cardoso,

Lucia Abreu-Silva

et al. 2024

Leishmania Parasites - Epidemiology, Immunopathology and Hosts

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Neoplasms in dogs are estimated to account for up to 83% of all canine malignancies, while canine leishmaniasis is endemic and highly incident in areas like Brazil, east Africa, and India. The worldwide incidence of both diseases may indicate the presence of these two pathologies in the same tissue sample as eventual cases. However, a relationship between leishmaniasis and malignant disorders has been postulated in human and veterinary medicine. Depending on several direct or indirect factors, leishmaniasis can affect the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, therapeutic protocols, and the outcome of various malignant disorders. In addition, the similarity of the clinical presentation of cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis with the clinical signs observed in many tumors may lead to misdiagnosis. Clinical cases of co-localization of Leishmania parasites and tumor cells in dogs were more associated with transmissible venereal tumors than histiocytic tumors, non-histiocytic lymphoma, or squamous cell carcinoma. This chapter reviews the circumstances involving canine leishmaniasis and malignant disorders, and the current challenge that the association between them represents to misdiagnosis or tumor-promoting potential of leishmaniasis, providing an overview of dog cases.

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Minimalist Adjuvant‐Free Nano‐Vaccine Based on Antigen Self‐Assembled Amyloid‐Like Fibrils to Induce Potent Immune Response

Wang,

Xia,

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The development of cancer vaccines is at the forefront of cancer immunotherapy. Most existing strategies to induce an efficient anti‐tumor immune response rely on molecular adjuvants and the incorporation of complex synthetic vectors into vaccine formulations. In contrast, this study introduces a one‐step engineering technique to assemble the model antigen, Ovalbumin (OVA), into amyloid aggregates, leveraging biomimetic folding and aggregation to create non‐fibrillar OVA globular aggregates and OVA amyloid‐like fibrils as single‐component, adjuvant‐free vaccines. Notably, the OVA amyloid‐like fibrils induced stronger immune responses compared to the native form, as evidenced by robust humoral immune reactions and the establishment of immune memory. These enhanced responses can be attributed to the self‐adjuvant effect of the unique assembled structure, which preserves antigenic epitopes, improves antigen stability, facilitates antigen internalization, prolongs retention at the injection site, enhances antigen trafficking to the lymphoid organs, and promotes increased secretion of antibodies and cytokines. Furthermore, the efficacy of the vaccine was validated in a high OVA‐expressing tumor model, demonstrating the potential of OVA amyloid‐like fibrils as an effective vaccine for cancer immunoprevention. This minimalist self‐adjuvant vaccine strategy holds promising implications for cancer immunotherapy and can inform the design of other protein antigen‐based vaccines.

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Anti-Leishmania infantum Antibody-Producing Plasma Cells in the Spleen in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Canine Leishmaniasis: Update on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Canine Leishmaniasis: Update on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Current Challenges in the Association between Canine Leishmaniasis and Malignant Disorders

Minimalist Adjuvant‐Free Nano‐Vaccine Based on Antigen Self‐Assembled Amyloid‐Like Fibrils to Induce Potent Immune Response

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