Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activities of extracts from three Pakistani plants

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activities of extracts of different parts of Lawsonia Inermis, Morus nigra and Ziziphus mauritiana. Methods: The methanol extracts of all three plant materials at concentrations of 10 -100 µg/mL were tested for their in vitro anti-leishmanial effects on L. tropica KWH23 promastigotes for 24 -48 h, relative to negative control and amphotericin-B (standard drug). For in vivo anti-leishmanial activity, the extracts were tested against L. tropica-infected albino mice, while cytotoxicity was investigated against mammalian cells (lymphocytes). Results: For Lawsonia Inermis leaves, mean inhibition of extracellular promastigotes at

Characterization of Antileishmanial Compounds from Lawsonia inermis L. Leaves Using Semi-High Resolution Antileishmanial Profiling Combined with HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR

“…The in vitro antileishmanial growth inhibition assay was adopted from Iqbal et al (2016b). Promastigotes of L. tropica were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS, 200 U/mL of penicillin, and 0.2 mg/mL of streptomycin.…”

“…In Pakistan, it is widely found in the Dera Ismail khan and Bannu districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. L. inermis is extensively used for different medicinal purposes, and possess a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant ( Dasgupta et al, 2003 ), antibacterial ( Ali et al, 2001 ), antifungal ( Singh and Pandey, 1989 ), antiviral ( Khan et al, 1991 ), antiparasitic ( Okpeton et al, 2004 ), analgesic ( Mohsin et al, 1989 ), cytotoxic ( Ali and Grever, 1998 ), antidiabetic ( Arayne et al, 2007 ), antileishmanial ( Iqbal et al, 2016a , b ) and protein glycation inhibitory activity ( Sultana et al, 2009 ). L. inermis is chemically well investigated ( Semwal et al, 2014 ), and more than 135 compounds have been reported from the genus.…”

Luteolin as a potent anti-leishmanial agent against intracellular Leishmania tropica parasite

“…Compounds 1-5 were selected due to their promising in vitro anti-leishmanial effects [22] against L. tropica. All tested compounds showed a cure rate between 97.02 and 75.02 % at 3 mg/kg concentration (for 5 days) whereas cytotoxic effects against lymphocytes in terms of IC 50 values ranging between 4.15 and 10.27 µg/ml.…”

“…Dial micrometer was used to note the difference between size of the lesion in infected and uninfected mice weekly. Before and after treatment, needle aspirations were taken from the lesions [22]. To detect amastigotes under upright microscope, Giemsa stain was used, and the samples were examined under oil immersions.…”

“…Cytotoxic assay of test compounds was carried out by an adoption of the method described by Iqbal et al [22]. PBS was passed through 0.2 µm filter under laminar flow hood (kept sterile conditions) and then equal volumes of PBS and blood were taken in a sterile tube.…”