Anti-melanogenesis and anti-tyrosinase properties of Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica extracts on B16F10 murine melanoma cells

Abstract

Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica) subsp. mutica has been used in traditional medicine and is famous for its medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanol (MeOH), n-hexane, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), n-butanol (BuOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), water extracts and essential oil of P. atlantica subsp. mutica on melanin synthesis and oxidative stress in B16F10 melanoma cell line. The B16F10 cells viability after treatment with increasing concentrations of different extracts of the plant (0.2-200 μg/mL) was measured using resazurin. Essential oil composition was identified by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and inhibitory effect on synthesis of melanin, mushroom tyrosinase activity, cellular tyrosinase, and oxidative stress were evaluated by the colorimetric and fluorometric methods. The data showed extracts at concentrations 0.2-200 μg/mL, did not show significant toxicity on melanoma cells but concentrations of 200 μg/mL of essential oil had cytotoxic effect. Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica could inhibit the mushroom tyrosinase activity. Also the amount of melanin in B16F10 cells declined. In addition, the ability of P. atlantica subsp. mutica extracts in decreasing the amount of reactive oxygen species in melanoma cells revealed remarkable antioxidant activity. In addition, all concentrations of essential oil had no significant effect in this study. The melanogenesis inhibitory and antioxidant effects of P. atlantica subsp. mutica on B16F10 cells may suggest the potential whitening activity of the plant for using in dermatological skin care products and for prevention of skin aging in cosmetic industry.

Benzylidene-6-hydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalenone chalconoids as potent tyrosinase inhibitors

“…A large number of structurally diverse naturally occurring and synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors have been reported ( 13 14 15 16 17 ), and some of them such as arbutin, hydroquinone, azelaic acid, L-ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, tranexamic acid, and kojic acid have been applied as skin-whitening agents with certain disadvantages. The use of reported tyrosinase inhibitors is limited due to their toxicity, chemical instability, allergic reactions, low lipophilicity, and lack of safety ( 18 19 ).…”

Preparation and characterization of novel nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing coenzyme Q10 as potent antioxidants and antityrosinase agents

“…About 10 5 melanoma cells were cultured in each well of 12 well plates and treated with Q10-NLC/SLN at a concentration of 50 μM for 24 h. Then, they were floated by trypsinization and washed with PBS, then, NaOH at a concentration of 2 M was added and and were incubated at 100 °C for 30 min. After incubation at 60 °C for 2 h, the melanin content in treated cells was measured at 405 nm [ [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] ].…”

Span 60/Cholesterol Niosomal Formulation as a Suitable Vehicle for Gallic Acid Delivery with Potent In Vitro Antibacterial, Antimelanoma, and Anti-Tyrosinase Activity

“…Intracellular TYR activity assay was measured using a described method by Eghbali et al [65]. Briefly, the cells (1 × 10 5 ) were seeded, incubated for 24 h, and treated with GA and GAN at 40 µM.…”