Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Korean Red Ginseng Oil in an Ultraviolet B-Induced Hairless Mouse Model

Abstract

A ‘remedy for all’ natural product widely known in the Korean Peninsula is called Panax Ginseng Meyer. Globalization represents a persistent risk to the ozone layer, leading to bountiful amounts of Ultra-Violet B beams (UVB). The variety in human skin hues is ascribed to the characteristic color called Melanin. However, Melanin overproduction due to UVB beams promotes skin staining and tumorigenesis, a process called photo aging, which damages skin quality. To assess the effects of Korean Red Ginseng Oil (KGO) on photo aging, the murine melanoma cell lines B16/F10 were used in vitro and HRM-2 hairless mice exposed to UVB were studied in vivo. Our results revealed that KGO reduced tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16/F10 cells along with the suppression of upstream factors involved in the melanin production pathway, both transcriptionally and transitionally. In the in vivo studies, KGO suppressed the expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) and Interleukins along with a reduction of depth in wrinkle formation and reduced collagen degradation. Moreover, the feed intake and feed efficiency ratio that decreased as a result of UVB exposure was also improved by KGO treatment. In light of our results, we conclude that KGO can have considerable benefits due to its various properties of natural skin enhancement.

The Challenging Melanoma Landscape: From Early Drug Discovery to Clinical Approval

“…Moreover, Saba et al exposed HRM-2 hairless mice to UVB radiation and demonstrated the anti-melanogenic effect of the Korean Red Ginseng Oil, possibly by suppressing the expression of MMP-9 and interleukin-1β. Moreover, the topical application of this natural product decreased the melanin production compared with untreated UVB-induced mice [265]. Other natural products have also demonstrated antimelanogenic effects.…”

Red ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) oil: A comprehensive review of extraction technologies, chemical composition, health benefits, molecular mechanisms, and safety

“…RGO can potentially boost the quality and appearance of skin. Topical application of RGO contributes to the protection skin from environmental hazards such as UV radiation [ 67 , 98 ]. RGO exhibited an inhibitory effect on activity of tyrosinase, which is responsible for melanin production [ 98 ], but was unlikely to inhibit elastase activity [ 58 ].…”

“…Topical application of RGO contributes to the protection skin from environmental hazards such as UV radiation [ 67 , 98 ]. RGO exhibited an inhibitory effect on activity of tyrosinase, which is responsible for melanin production [ 98 ], but was unlikely to inhibit elastase activity [ 58 ]. RGO also suppressed melanin production in UVB-treated mouse skin and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16/F10 cells, possibly through blocking the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor pathway.…”

“…RGO also suppressed melanin production in UVB-treated mouse skin and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated B16/F10 cells, possibly through blocking the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor pathway. In addition, 1% RGO prevented collagen degradation and skin aging [ 98 ]. Moreover, a clinical study showed that topical application of moisturizer containing 1% RGO improved moisture content of skin in female volunteers aged 20–30 [ 57 ].…”

Red Ginseng Oil Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Offers Protection against Ultraviolet‐Induced Photo Toxicity

“…It has been reported that red ginseng essential oil has antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in hydrogen peroxide- (H 2 O 2 -) treated HepG2 cells and carbon tetrachloride- (CCl 4 -) treated mice [ 8 ]. Moreover, a recent study demonstrated the antimelanogenic activities of Korean red ginseng oil (RGO) in a UV-B-induced hairless mouse [ 13 ].…”